68 THE ARMY WORM 



ti ally-grown wonns, while others may liave wintered over in 

 other stages of the insects' existence, for the broods are by no 

 means definitely limited. In a given field at a given time one 

 may find many sizes of worms. The worms injurious in July 

 were doubtless the second generation for the season. The ma- 

 jority of these entered the pupa state during the middle or latter 

 part of the month and emerged as moths early in August. The 

 first week in August, at Durham, the moths were extraordinarily 

 abundant. The progeny of this brood of moths became full 

 grown larvae in September, changing to pupai late in the 

 month, and at this writing (October 19) a few of those in our 

 breeding cages have come forth as moths. But I presume that 

 out-of-doors more members of this brood may have matured by 

 this time, and that larvtefrom them will become partially grown 

 before winter sets in. Yet it seems almost certain that many of 

 the pupae must go through the winter without changing to 

 moths ; and that many of the moths must hibernate without lay- 

 ing eggs. 



THE LIFE-STAGES OF THE INSECT DESCRIBED 



T'Ae egg of the army worm moth is a tiny whitish sphere 

 with a diameter of only about one fiftieth of an inch. When 

 first deposited it is dull and opaque, but soon afterward it be- 

 comes shiny and more or less iridescent. Just before hatching 

 it appears much darker. The spherical outline in many speci- 

 mens is changed by the sticky material attached to them at the 

 time the eggs are deposited. Specimens, natural size and mag- 

 nified, are represented in Fig. 6, a, b. 



The larva when full-grown is of the form represented in 

 Figures 3 and 6 c, and the lower illustration on the title page 

 (for which I am indebted to the New York experiment station) . 

 It is a smooth, cutworm-like caterpillar, an inch antl a half 

 long, generally of a dark gray or dingy black color, " with three 

 narrow yellowish stripes above, and a broader one or slightly 

 darker on each side, thinly clothed with short hairs (to be seen 

 with a lens) which are longer and somewhat thicker on and 

 about the head. The latter is of a polished honey yellow color, 

 with a network of fine dark brown lines and a black line on the 



