44 THE CULTURE OF THE GRAPE. 



\ye, soap suds, &c., and, when the mixture begins to emit an 

 offensive odor, I have saturated the border with it." 



" J. L, Snow says : You may, with safety, use the above 

 hquid, especially if the border be well drained." 1847, 

 p. 509. 



" In a communication which was read at the Horticultural 

 Society's meeting, it was mentioned that Mr. Ayre's border 

 was made wholly above the surface, and formed first of a 

 layer of concrete three inches thick, on a sloping bottom, with 

 a line of drain pipes opposite each rafter ; over these were 

 then laid from one foot to eighteen inches in thickness of 

 brick rubbish, intermixed with oyster shells and rough bone 

 dust, materials which were also freely mixed with the soil. 

 The latter was stated to be turfy loam mixed with leaf mould. 

 At present, the border is only about six feet wide ai^d about 

 eighteen inches deep ; but it was mentioned that it is intended 

 to add four feet more to it this autumn, and, when fin- 

 ished, which m\\ not be for some years to come, it will be 

 twenty feet in w^idth. It was stated that the great object 

 kept in view, in forming this border, was to make it porous 

 rather than rich, the latter being left to top-dressings and 

 liquid manure," 1847, p. 607. 



" Pigeon manure, mixed Avith fresh soil, will certainly im- 

 prove your vine border." 



" You may apply manure water any time, except when the 

 crop is ripening off." 



" Large bunches of grapes have been produced on a vine, 

 of which the roots came in contact with the drainage in a 

 court-yard of an inn, frequented throughout the year." 1847, 

 p. 624. 



" Bones as Manure. — The researches of the chemist and 

 the practical testimony of the farmer having more fully estab- 

 lished the value of bones as a manure, it behoves us to as- 

 certain Avhether they have been employed in gardening as 

 extensively as they deserve. Tlie greatest obstacle to the 

 more general use of bones in gardening, as well as in farm- 



