224 BOTANICAL CLASSIFICATION. 



R. c. 2 xauscdsa Mill., the Muss Rose. 



R. c. 3 pomponia Dec, (he Pom.punc Rose. 



According to Loudon we have made this a variety of the centifolia, although 

 some authors assert it to have been found growing wild in 1735, by a gardener 

 of Dijon, in France, who discovered it while cutting wood on a mountain near 

 that city. Many varieties of it have been obtained, among which the most singu- 

 lar is the little dwarf given in the New Du Hamel as a distinct species. It does not 

 grow more than 12 or 15 inches high and frequently perishes before blossoming. 



R. c. 4 bipinndta Red. Ros., ii., p. 4, which has bipinnate leaves. 



37. R. ga'llica L. The French Rose. 



Identification. Lin Sp., 704 ; Dec. Prod., 2, p. 603. 



Synonymes. R. centifoha Mill. Diet., No. 41 ; R. sylvatlca Gater. Mont., p. 94; 

 R. riilira Lam. Fl. F'r. 3, p. 130; R. holosericea Rossig. Ros., t. 18 ; R belgica Brot. 

 Ft. Lus., 1, p. 333 ; R. blanda Brot., 1, c ; Rose de Provins, Fr. ; Essig Rose, Ger. 



Spec. Char., &c. Prickles unequal. Stipules narrow, divaricate at the tip. 

 Leaflets 5 — 7, coriaceous, rigid, ovate or lanceolate, .deflexed. Flower bud ovate- 

 globose. Sepals spreading during the time of the flowering. Fruit subglobose, 

 very coriaceous. Calyx and peduncle more or less hispid with glandcd hairs, 

 somewhat viscose. A species allied to R. centifolia L., but with round fruit, and 

 very coriaceous leaflets, witli more numerous nerves, that are a little prominent, 

 and are anastomosing. Native of middle Europe and Caucasus, in hedges. The 

 flowers vary from red to crimson, and from single to double ; and there is one va- 

 riety with the flowers double white. The petals of some of the varieties of this 

 rose are used in medicine, particularly that called ofRcinal ; which, though not so 

 fragrant as those of the Dutch hundred-leaved rose, also one of the varieties of this 

 species, are preferred lor their beautiful color and their pleasant astringency. 

 The petals ol R. gallica are those which are principally used for making conserve 

 of roses, and, when dried, for gargles: their odor is increased by drying. They 

 are also used in common with those of R. centifolia, lor making I'ose-water and 

 attar of roses. This rose was called by old writers the red rose, and is supposed 

 to have been the one assumed as the badge of the House of Lancaster. This, al- 

 so, is one of the roses mentioned by Pliny ; from which, he says, all the others 

 have been derived. It is often confounded with the Damask rose ; and is the Rosa. 

 damascena of the druggists' shops. 



Variety. The varieties of this species are very numerous. One of the most 

 distinct is — 



R. g. 7 parvifolia Ser. in Dec. Prod., ii., p. 664; /?. parvifolia Ehr. Beitr., vi., p. 

 97, Ker in Bot. Reg., t. 452, Don's Mill., ii., p. 573; R. burgundiaca Rosaig. Ros., 

 t. 4; R. remensis^Desf. Cat., t. 175, and our Jig. 494. The Bui gundy Rose. — A 

 dwarf compact shrub, with stiff, ovate acute, and sharply serrated small leaflets, 

 and very double purple flowers, which are solitary, and have some resemblance, 

 in form and general appearance, to the flower of a double-flowered Asiatic ra- 

 nunculus. Besides the botanical varieties, given in Don's Miller, there are 19 in 

 the Nouveau Du Hamel. 



38. R. pulche'lla Willd. The neat Rose. 



Identification. Willd. Enum., p. 545 ; Don's Mill., 2, p. 573. 



Spec. Cliar., cf>c. Ovaries roundish-obovate. Peduncles and calyxes beset with 

 glandular bristles. Petioles clothed with glandular pubescence, unarmed. Cauline 

 prickles scattered. Native country unknown' Allied to R. turbinata ; but the stems 

 are much smaller; the flowers also smaller; and the form of the ovaries is diiTerent. 

 Perhaps this is the rose de Meaux of the gardens, or some variety of R. gallica. It is 

 a shrub, 2 ft. high, and produces its flowers in June and July. 



VI. VILiIiO'S^. 



Derivation. From villosus, villous ; in allusion to the hairiness of the species. 

 Sect. Char. Surculi erect. Prickles straightish. Leaflets ovate 

 or oblong, with diverging serratures. Sepals conniveut, permanent. 

 Bisk thickened, closing the throat. This division borders equally close 



