BOTANICAL CLASSIFICATION. 229 



57. R. CANi^NA Lin. The common Dog Rose. 



Identification. Lin. Sp., 704 ; Don's MiU., 2, p. 579. 



Synonymes. R. dumalis Dechst. Forslb., 241, and 939, ex Rau; R. andegavensia 

 Bat. M. Main, tt Loir., 1S9, Red. Ros., 2, p. 9, t. 3 ; A', glaiica Lois, in Desv. Joum. ; R. 

 arvensis Schrank Fl. Mon. ; R. glaucescens Mer. Par. ; R. nitens Mer., 1, c ; R. ten- 

 eriffensis Donn Hort. Cant., ed. 8, p. 169; R. senticosa Acliar. Acad. HandL, 34 p. 91, 



Spec. Char., d^c. Prickles strong, hooked. Leaflets simply serrated, pointed, quite 

 smooth. Sepals pinnate. Fruit ovate, smooth, or rather bristly, like the aggregate 

 flower stalks. Native throughout Europe, and the north of Africa ; plentiful in Britain, 

 in hedges, woods, and thickets. Flowers rather large, pale red, seldom white. Fruit 

 ovate, bright scarlet, of a peculiar and very grateful flavor, especially if made into a con- 

 serve with sugar. The pulp of the fruit, besides saccharine matter, contains citric acid, 

 which gives it an acid taste. The pulp, before it is used, should be carefully cleared 

 from tlie nuts or seeds. A shrub, growing to the heidit of 6 ft. or 10 ft., and flowering 

 in June and July. 



58. R. Fo'rsteri Sm. Forster's Dog Rose. 



Identification. Smith Engl PI., 2. p. 302; Borr. in Eng. Bot. Suppl., 2611; Don's 

 MiU., 2, p. 580. 



Synonyme. R. collina ff and y, Woods in Lin. Trans., 12, p. 392. 



Spec. Char., <^c. Prickles scattered, conical, hooked. Leaflets simply serrated, 

 smooth above, but hairy on the ribs beneath. Sepals doubly pinnate. Fruit elliptical, 

 smooth, like the aggregate flower stalks. A native of Europe, in hedges ; plentiful in 

 England. Flowers pale red. A shrub, growing to the height of from 6 ft. to 8 ft. ; flow- 

 ering in June and July. 



59. R. DUMETO^RUM TkuUl. The Thicket Dog Rose. 



Identification. Thuil. Fl. Par., 250; Bor. in Eng. Bot. Suppl., t. 2610; Don's Mill, 

 2, p. 580. 



Synonymes. R. leucantha H acutifolia Bast, in Dec. F7. Fr., 5, p. 535 ; R. sepium 

 Borkk. ex Rau. Enum., 79; R. solstitiahs Bess. Prim. Fl. Gall., 324; R. corymblfera 

 Gmel. FL Bad. Ah:, 2, p. 427. 



Spec. Char., d^'c. Prickles numerous, scattered, hooked. Leaflets simply serrated, 

 hairy on both surfaces. Sepals pinnate, deciduous. Peduncles aggregate, slightly 

 hairy. Fruit elliptical, smooth, as long as the bracteas. Native of Europe, in hedges ; 

 and found, in England, in the southern counties, but seldom in any abundance. Flow- 

 ers reddish. A shrub, growing from 4 ft. to 6 ft. in height, and flowering in June and 

 July. 



60. R. bracte'scens Woods. The bractescent Dog Rose. 



Identijication. Woods in Lin. Trans., 12, p. 216; Don's Mill. 2, p. 580. 



Spec. Char. (^c. Prickles aggregate, hooked. Leaflets ovate, almost simply ser- 

 rated, downy beneath. Bracteas rising much above the fruit. Sepals pinnate, falling 

 off. Peduncles aggregate, occasionally rather hairy. Fruit globose, smooth. Native 

 of England, in hedges, about Ulverton, Lancashire ; and Ambleton, Westmoreland. 

 Flowers flesh-colored. A shrub, 6 ft. to 7 ft. high, and flowering in June and July. 



61. R. SARMEVTA^CEA Swaflz. The sarmentaceous Dog Rose. 



Identification. Swartz aiSS.; Woods in Lin. Trans., 12, p. 213; Don's Mill., 2, p. 

 580. 



Synonymes. R. glaucophy'Ua W,nc!t Geo jr. Didrib., ^5 : R. canina RothFl. Germ., 

 2, p. 560. 



Spec. Char., t^c. Prickles hooked. Leaflets ovate, doubly serrated, smooth, glandu- 

 lar. Peduncles aggregate, smooth or minutely bristly. Sepals pinnate, deciduous. 

 Fruit broadly elliptic, naked. Native of Europe, common in hedges and bushy places; 

 plentiful in Britain. Flowers pink, and fragrant. Fruit scarlet ; as grateful to the pal- 

 ate, probably, as that of i?. canina, with which this equally common plant is generally 

 confounded. A shrub, 8 ft. to 10 ft. high ; flowering in June and July. 



62. R. cm'sxk Sm. The grey Dog Rose. 

 Identification. Smith Eng. Bot., t. 2367; Don's Mill., 2, p. 580. 

 Synonymes. R. canina pubesccns Afz. Ros. Suec. Tent., 1, p. 2 ; R. canina f cs^ia 

 lAndl. Ros., p. 99. 



20 



