194 OPEN AIR GEAPE CULTURE. 



as practised on the grapevine. The following process, 

 which is described as budding in the " Gardener's 

 Chronicle " for 1844, is in reality a species of grafting : 

 ' ' Bud about the first week in March, or as soon as 

 the sap begins to rise. Cut an eye about three inches 

 in length, having attached as much wood as you can 

 get with it ; at each end of the eye cut off about a 

 quarter of an inch of the upper bark, making the 

 ends quite thin. 'Next measure off the exact length 

 of the bud on the bark of the vine intended to be 

 budded,' and make a niche slanting upward at the 

 upper part ; and another slanting downward at the 

 bottom. Then take the piece neatly out, so that the 

 bud may fit nicely in, and by making the niche, as 

 stated above, each end of the bud is covered by the 

 bark of the shoot. Bind the bud firmly round with 

 matting, and clay it, taking care, however, that the 

 clay does not cover the eye of the bud. Then tie it 

 round with moss, and keep it constantly damp, and 

 as the sap rises in the vine the bud begins to swell. 

 When the vine commences to push out young shoots, 

 take the top ones off, in order to throw a little more 

 sap into the bud, and as you perceive it getting 

 stronger take off more young shoots, and so continue 

 until you have taken off all the young shoots. Bud- 

 ding can only be performed where the long-rod system 

 is practised, as in that case you liave the power of con- 



