APPENDIX II. 337 



with the trellis. But the great quantity of plaster required 

 by this arrangement renders it too expensive to be used 

 beyond a certain distance from Paris. We must have 

 recourse to frames, and for the form of trellis of which we are 

 speaking, they should be erected in the following manner: 



A series of galvanized iron wires (No. 14) are extended along 

 the wall. Upon these wires laths are fastened every 12 inches, 

 and to these laths the main stem of each vine is trained alter- 

 nately to half the height and to the summit of the wall. 



Exposure of the Walls. — The trellised vine demands an 

 exposure at once as dry and as warm as possible. In the north 

 and the centre of France this double condition is best fulfilled 

 by a southeast exposure. A soutliern exposure is doubtless the 

 warmest, but the trellises with such an aspect also receive too 

 directly the damp winds and rains of the southwest. The culti- 

 vators of Thomery use the side of their walls exposed to the 

 west and to the southwest, but gather from thence grapes of the 

 second or third quality only. 



Pkopagation of the Vine. — On the different modes of pro- 

 pagation to be chosen for a trellised vine, we would offer the 

 following observations. Slips or cuttings propagated from 

 layers are often used in forming trellises. When intended for a 

 permanency, they are planted in the manner which we will 

 proceed to describe. They begin to bear frnit only in the 

 fourth year. They should be used only iu the absence of 

 the layers themselves, for whose first fruit we are not 

 obliged so long to wait. The layers, or as they are called at 

 Thomery, the chevelees^ are generally to be preferred, for when 

 they are transplanted with care, and their roots are not dried by 

 exposure to the air, their vegetation during the first years is 

 more vigorous, and thus time is gained. Two sorts of layers 

 are used — uncovered layers and layers in baskets. The unco- 

 vered layers (Fig. 76) are freed from all the earth which 

 surrounds them, when they are planted for a trellis. When 

 planted with care, they will begin to bear at the end of three 

 years. The basket layers (Fig. 77) are prepared in the follow- 

 ing manner. In the spring is made an osier basket (d) of an 



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