374 APPENDIX II. 



from each other. The bunches are then suspended by the upper 

 hook of the S, around hoops hung one over the other (Fig. 104), 

 and themselves suspended from the ceiling of the room, and 

 moved up and down by little pulleys. If we should wish to pre- 

 serve a larger quantity of grapes, we may, for the sake of 

 economizing space, substitute for the hoops wooden frames in 



Pig. 105. 



the form of sashes, as shown in Fig. 105. These sashes are 

 furnished with rods, seprarated from each other by an interval 

 of 4 inches, and having on one side little points intended to 

 receive the hooks by which the clusters are suspended. These 

 sashes are hung from the ceiling in such a manner as to fill the 

 entire space, and like the hoops, move up and down. However, 

 the grapes thus preserved wither and lose more of their quality 

 than those preserved upon shelves. 



Dried Grapes — Raisins. — The large proportion of saccharine 

 principle which the grapes of the south generally contain, ren- 

 ders it e^sy to dry and preserve them. They have thus become 

 the object of special attention and considerable commerce for 

 some countries in the south of Europe where are cultivated the 

 varieties best adapted to this purpose. We have noted the mosti 

 desirable of these varieties in our list. Malaga, Calabria, Egypt, 



