ECONOMY OF FARMING. 



59 



Thaer, Vol. II., 109, 110, gives the following table of the value of soils, which 

 may be introduced here : 



No. 

 1 



2 

 3 

 4 

 6 

 6 

 7 

 8 

 9 



10 



11 



12 



13 



14 



15 



16 



17 



18 



19 



20 



VaL 

 100 



98 

 96 

 90 

 ? 



78 

 77 

 75 

 70 

 65 

 60 

 60 

 50 

 40 

 30 

 20 

 15 

 10 

 5 

 2 



Burger divides the manuring bodies into the organic and mineral ; and says that 

 " all that is of organic origin, and is soluble in water, or gradually by contact with 

 the same and the air, must be considered as a means of manure :" and of the sub- 

 stances, " those, which as compound bodies contain the constituent parts of organic 

 matter, and under the operation of the water, heat and air are rendered capable of 

 enteriag into combination with the constituent parts of the soil, or dissolved in water, 

 are taken up by plants." The organic materials are animal and vegetable. Under 

 the animal are mentioned, besides excrements, particularly bones. These contain of 

 gelatine, an important principle of nutriment: of oxen, 0.50-0.55 ; of horses, 0.36—0.40 ; 

 of swine, 0.48—0.50. An important consideration in reference to animal excrement is, 

 that it has no other value practically except as manure. According to Thaer's and 

 Einhoff's analysis, it appears that the excrements of cattle are specifically heavier 

 than water 104.5, and consist of 71|^ water and 28^ of soHd substance. 3840 grains 

 of fresh dung contained of 



Probably accidental sand, . . 45 grains, = 0.011 

 Juices of plants, .... 600 " = 0.156 

 • Animal matter soluble in water, . 90 " = 0.023 

 Insoluble, probably vegetable matter, 360 " = 0.093 

 Water, 2745 «' = 0.714 



3840 

 According to Dr. Dana, 100 lbs. of cow-dung contain : 



Organic Matter. 

 Water, . . . . 



Hay, 



Bile and resinous and biliary matter, 

 Albumen, .... 



Silica, 



Sulphate of potash, 

 Geate of potash. 

 Muriate of soda, 

 Phosphate of lime, 

 Sulphate of lime. 

 Carbonate of lime, 



Salts. 



= 1.000 



83.60 

 14.60 

 1.275 

 .175 



.14 

 .05 

 .07 

 .08 

 .23 

 .12 

 .12 



Loss, 



99 86 

 0.14 



100.00 



