86 ECONOMY OF FARMING. 



account, be withdrawn in so great measure, that tlie fruit next following will be found 

 disproportionately small. No increase of the power of the soil, consequently, can 

 be ascribed to the pure fallow. — See Class. A., I. 



" 2. In the cultivation of the fallow with fodder-plants that consume much nutriment, 

 the supply of manure is, with potatoes 20, with mixed fodder 33, and wiih beans 3t> 

 per cent. ; whilst, in the pure fallow, 50 per cent, is required. If the fallow is culti- 

 vated with strongly-exhausting plants for trade, which contribute little material for 

 the manufacture of manure, as under A., IX, then the supply of manure mounts up 

 to 61 per cent. From this, the weight of the grain to be sold, and other parts of the 

 material for the fabrication of manure, are to be deducted. 



" 3. But should the whole product of the plants be employed for the manufacture of 

 manure, then the supply of manure is, with potatoes in the fallow, 2.3, with the mix- 

 ture 12, with flax 38, and with pure fallow itself 28 per cent. 



" 4. Of the given manure for A, on a morgen cultivated with exhausting fruits, is 

 used at least 50, in the highest 75, on an average 63 cwt. of manure, and for B. 

 65 cwt. 



" 5. Wherever one of the perennial plants for fodder is adopted in a period of 

 manuring, there is a surplus of manure. 



" 6. But the most striking influence of the property of luzeme to increase the power 

 of the soil, is shown by the course of fruit A., VIII, after which the potatoes, being 

 otherwise employed — which make the best preparation of the soil for luzerne — 

 the least harvest of fodder was obtained, rape is interposed, and yet a surplus of 

 manure gained of 233 cwt. 



" 7. On a lime, gravelly, sainfoin soil, for an equal production, more manure was 

 required, or of an equal quantity of manure, a less production was obtained. After 

 B., I. II, III, on a morgen cultivated with fruits for sale, were carried on, on an average, 

 65 cwt. of manure, whilst on the better soil A., with 63 cwt. on a morgen, a greater 

 and better production was gained. 



" 8. From the amount of the deficiency of manure, may be reckoned the addition to 

 be made in meadow and other lands for fodder. 



" 9. The proportion of the supply of manure to the need of the manure, is here 

 shown in general. But how much of the employed manure must be counted to each 

 fruit, will be more closely determined in the economy of the culture of plants, -when 

 the standard of the cost of manure for reparation of the soil shall be exhibited under 

 the different plants cultivated on a farm." 



" Of the full manuring of 200 cwt., therefore, for the winter-fruits, we reckon in 

 the 1st manuring 90 to 100 cwt. ; in the 2d, 65 to 75 cwt. 



" Of the summer-fruits, the most craving are potatoes, turnips., tobacco, maize, 

 artichokes, flax, &c. ; they require in the first period of manuring 80 to 90 cwt. of 

 manure, and in the second, 60 to 70 cwt. 



Period I. Period II, Period III. 



Beans and millet require manuring, 70 — 70 50 — 60 



Summer-wheat, speltz, &c., rye, barley, 35 — 50 25—30 



Oats, 30—40 20—25 



Peas, vetches, lentils, buckwheat, . 25 — 35 15 — 20 



Annual vegetables for fodder, as fodder- 

 mixture, rape, &c., . . . 30—40 15—25 10—15 

 Thaer also has estimates on these subjects. Thus, in Vol. I., p. 175, he says 



" We reckon 



1 yoke (= 1.422 acre) of potatoes and other fruit of this kind at 16,500 lbs. of manure. 

 " " clover, in two cuttings, . . 11.380 '• 



" " clover, in one cutting, . . . 6,350 " 



" " luzerne, 18,970 " 



" " manured vetches 9,490 " 



" " unmanured " '. . . . 3,690 " 



This is exclusive of the increase of weight which the litter-straw produces. 



With respect to straw, he observes, that the proportion of the grain to the straw is 

 as follows : 



With rye, between 38 and 42 to 100. 

 " wheat, " 48 — 52 " 

 " barley, " 62 — 64 " 

 " oats, « 60 — 62 " 



" peas, « 35 " 



