ECONOMY OF FARMING. 99 



This table needs to be accompanied by the following observations: 



" 1. The meadow-s on which the experiments were made, had not been hitherto ma- 

 nured. Man}'- portions remained, in the progress of it, unmanured, with the natural 

 product of which the production gained by the employment of different kinds of ma- 

 nure must be compared, and the surplus in hay-value be brought in as the pure result 

 of the manuring. In the fields, also, in like manner, a difference must be made be- 

 tween the manured and unmanured parts. 



'• 2. Of the fresh catde-manure, 260 cwt. lessened, after 8 to 10 week.s to 200 cwt. of 

 half-decomposed manure, which, in 10 or 12 weeks more weighed only 140 cwt, and 

 was fermented and decomposed. The volume was lessened about 8 per cent more 

 than the weight tell off. 



" 3. Equafquantities of masses of manure employed in the different states of decom- 

 position, did not raise the production in exactly the same proportion of the addition 

 of tlieir manuring power or quality, otherwise 140 cwt of decomposed stall-manure 

 must have yielded 48 per cent greater production than the 140 cwt of fresh, not-de- 

 composed manure, whilst the increase of production in the dry meadows, was 7.6 ; in 

 the grain culture, 9.-5 ; in the moor meadows, 14 ; and with the potatoes 17 per cent. 



"4. As in respect to Remark 2, as much nutritious power was contained in 140 cwt 

 of wholly-decomposed, and in 200 cwt of half-decomposed manure, as in 260 cwt of 

 fresh stall-manure, from which it was derived ; so should the effect of these different 

 masses of manures be the same. But according to the result of the experiments, the 

 production rises with the increase of the mass ; and indeed in comparison of the great- 

 est mass of manure of 260 lbs. with the least of 140 lbs., the rise is in the culture of 

 grain about 13 lbs. of hay-value ; in dry meadows, about 8 ; and in the moor meadows, 

 about 1 lb. 



" 5. Should the production again be employed in the manufacture of manure, 100 

 lbs. of the employed manure would give — 



Wholly-decomposed Half-decomposed Not decomposed, 



manure. manure. manure. 



a. On the dry meadow, . . 41 lbs. 29 lbs. 26 lbs. 



b " moor meadow, . 58 42 30 



c " watered meadow, . 125 — — 



d. " grain culture, . 65 50 46 



e. " potatoes, ... 114 102 SO 

 Therefore, only for c. and e. is there a surplus over the consumption, which would 

 be soon evaporated from the decomposed manure when weighed, so that the fore- 

 going supply of manure, by the multiplying the production in hay- value, gives 2 per ct, 

 which increase is found only in the employment of the half-decomposed manure, but 

 agrees not either on the undecomposed, which increases itself more, or on the 

 wholly-decomposed manure, which diminishes 30 percent, from the half-decomposed 

 state fixed on. Consequently, according to the Table heretofore given (see 31. p. 84), 

 if we should employ the whole product yielded for the forming of manure, on 100 lbs. 

 of employed manure, would be given 



In A. VIII., 215 lbs. of manure, In A. V., 99 lbs. of manure, 



B. II., 90 

 A. III., 87 

 •' A. IV., 80 " " 



« A. I., 70 " « 



« A. IX., 61 » " 



"6. The effect of the mixture of the fluid and other manure (marked as No. 5) on 

 the clay soil, was five-fold, and on the bog-soil two-fold, compared with the effect on 

 dry kinds of soil. 



" 7. The pulverized human excrement, as well as all other materials of manure in 

 the form of powder, display a dissimilar greater effect, if they cover the soil, and are 

 shadowed by the plants manured by them, than when they are employed in a snrialler 

 mass, and on an uncovered surface. They are therefore mixed with other suitable 

 materials which are cheaper, and which increase the mass and nutritiousness. Five 

 or six schaffels (= 31 to 37 bushels) of human excrement, bone-dust, malt-dust, or 

 ashes put on a morgen (= t of an acre), under favorable circumstances, that is, in 

 moist weather, produce lucrative results, but in unfavorable, dry weather, will have 

 little effect. If with the quantity mentioned, also be added 8 or 10 schaffels (about 

 50 to 62 bushels) of peat-dust, or plant-mud, or leached ashes, the surface would be 

 better covered, the moisture longer retained, and therefore, under all circumstances 

 a greater effect produced. 



