16 



Dmibk Plmiing. — This, on the whole, we consider 

 preferable to subsoiling, when properly done. The 

 manure should be spread upon the surface and turn- 

 ed in with a large plough. This should be followed 

 by a smaller one in the same furrow both moving the 

 ground from fourteen to sixteen inches deep. ^It should 

 then be cross-plowed. In this way a portion of sub- 

 soil is brought up and incorporated with the surface 

 soil and manure, and is enriched and made suitable to 

 nourish plants. 



Tremhing. — lYhere you have a deep soil, this is un- 

 doubtedly the best of all preparation. Across one side 

 of the ground you intend for the garden, you make 

 with a spade, a trench two feet wide and two feet 

 deep. Shovel oat the bottom clean, throwing the 

 earth away from your future garden. You then take 

 another piece beside the trench, tw^o feet wide, and 

 put the earth that this new piece contains into your 

 former trench, the top soil at the bottom. Pursue 

 tills course until your garden be trenched. The last 

 trench you will have to till up with the soil that you 

 shoveled out of your first trench. Your garden soil 

 to the depth of two feet you will have completely 

 turned over. 



Baslard Trenching. — When you have but a foot of 

 ffood soil on a sandv, ffravellv or clave v subsoil, it will 

 not do to pursue the former method. The surface 

 soil would be so poor that plants w^ould never be able 

 to throw out roots to reach that which would yield 

 them support. The method to be pursued in such a 

 case is this: — Commence upon one side and dig a 

 trench two feet wide and two feet deep, laying the 

 good soil in one pile, and the poor in another. Side 

 of this, commence another trench two feet wide and 

 throw the good soil ov€7' the first trench on to the oth- 

 er good pile. Spread manm^e in the first trench, and 

 then spade the poor soil of the second trench upon 

 it, and incorporate it w^ith it. Open the third trench 

 and throw your good soil upon the last poor soil which 



