40 IMPROVED FISHERY HARBOUR ACCOMMODATION 



entrance and exit, with a good 'loose/ and a smooth 

 interior, alone constitute a good harbour." A good 

 "loose," i.e. a good point of departure, so that vessels 

 on leaving the harbour shall be able to shape their course 

 free of rocks, or a lee-shore (page 115, ' Design and Con- 

 struction of Harbours/ Adam & C. Black, Edinburgh). 

 Page 2 : "In making such designs, the engineer, of course, 

 avails himself of the advantage which is to be derived 

 from past experience, and endeavours, to the best of 

 his power, to institute a comparison between the given 

 locality and some existing harbour, which he supposes 

 to be similarly situated." 



" Perfect identity, however, in the physical peculiarities 

 of different stations seldom, if ever, exists, and all that 

 can be done in deriving benefit from past experience is to 

 select the harbour which seems most nearly to resemble 

 the proposed work." 



THE FEATURES OF THE PRINCIPLES OF SHELTER AND 

 TRANQUILLITY IN NATURAL HARBOURS. 



Before entering on the work of designing harbours, it is 

 absolutely necessary that any engineer should have a 

 clear conception and definition in his mind of the principles 

 of shelter and tranquillity. These can be observed and 

 studied out first in a good natural harbour, and afterwards 

 it will not be difficult to recognise the realisation of these 

 principles in a harbour artificially constructed, and also 

 afterwards to embody them in the projection of any 

 harbour design. Different localities will, of course, require 

 different treatment in detail, each according to its natural 

 features, but the principles of tranquillity will be the same 

 in all, however varied may be their application, and the 



