H2 IMPROVED FISHERY HARBOUR ACCOMMODATION 



from personal experience the anxiety which is felt in a 

 dark night on entering a narrow-mouthed harbour with 

 a heavy sea running, can appreciate the vital importance of 

 discovering, at as great a distance as possible, the exact 

 position of the weather pier-head. Harbour lights are from 

 their exposed position often inaccessible in stormy 

 weather. At some places, too, the outermost breakwaters 

 are altogether disconnected from the shore, and can only 

 be reached in fine weather from a boat. The efficiency of 

 an apparent light in such cases of difficulty has been fully 

 tested at the entrance of Stornaway Bay, in the Island of 

 Lewis, where it has been in use for the last nine years, 

 and has been favourably reported on by the captains of 

 many vessels that have run for the anchorage at night." 



" The beacon, surmounted by the apparent light apparatus, 

 which distributes the rays which fall upon it over an azi- 

 muthal angle of 62, is placed on the Arnish Rock a sunken 

 reef lying in the entrance to the bay. The lamp with its 

 apparatus is placed on the land, at the distance of about 

 530 feet from the beacon." In many cases gas has 

 superseded oil, and for harbour lights it is now almost 

 universal at towns of any size. On the ends of break- 

 water piers, which in many cases cannot be safely visited 

 in bad weather, the gas is kept daily as well as nightly 

 burning, being turned down low by day, by stop-cocks 

 placed in a safe position in gales. 



DANGERS OF DEEPENING THE ENTRANCE OF 

 HARBOURS OF SMALL REDUCTIVE POWER. 



This matter has been previously referred to, and 

 Mr. T. Stevenson's observations are here given at length. 

 " One cause of disturbance in harbours, which is often not 

 sufficiently considered, is the inconsiderate deepening of 



