INDEX. 611 



Forestallers, laws respecting, 154-156, 158-162, 240, 241 

 Fourth-cran, established as the smallest legal measure for fish, 248 

 Fraserburgh, possession by it of a commodious harbour, 16 

 *' Free trade " in relation to fisheries, 219 



Fresh fish, exempt from Customs regulations as to report and entry, 253 

 Friendly Societies, facilities offered by them to the labouring classes for 

 insurance, 119, 120 



GORDON (of Cluny), Mr., aid given by him towards construction of harbour 

 at Buckie, 16 



Government grants in aid of fisheries, 282 



"Grand Intercourse," a treaty between England and the Burgundian Sove- 

 reign of the Netherlands for securing the right of free fishery in the open 

 sea, 461 



Graswinckel, Dirk, his treatise in refutation of Selden's " Mare Clausum," 473 



Gravel, its deposit in harbours, 102 



Greenland Company, 184 



Grimsby, its importance as a fishing port, 255 



Grotius, Hugo, his treatise on "Mare liberum," 460, 464; appointed Com- 

 missioner from the States-General to England on the subject of the right 

 of free fishery at sea, 467 



HABITS offish, early ignorance respecting them, 170 



Harbours, their unequal distribution along the coast-line, 3 ; risks attendant 

 upon the use of shallow harbours, 3 ; localities possessing good natural 

 harbours, 4 ; necessity for provision of increased harbour accommodation, 

 4 ; condition of the harbours on the east coast of England, 4-9 ; Eye- 

 mouth, 9; Dunbar, 10 ; Anstruther, 10 ; Roome Bay, Crail, II; Peter- 

 head, 16 ; Fraserburgh, 16 ; Buckie, 16 ; Helmsdale, 17 ; Fare Cove, 17 ; 

 Lybster, 18 ; Wick, 18 ; N. coast of Scotland, 19 ; Port Sculliance, 20 ; 

 W. coast of Scotland, 21 ; Isle of Man, 22 ; W. coast of England and 

 Wales, 22; Cardigan Bay, 23; Fishguard, 23; Bristol Channel, 24; 

 Bideford Bay, 24 ; N. Cornish coast, 25 ; Padstow, 25 ; St. Ives, 27 ; 

 Penzance, Mount's Bay, 34 ; Brixham, Torbay, 34 ; Ottermouth Haven, 

 S. Devon, 35 ; Bognor, 36 ; E. coast of Ireland, 36 ; character of aid 

 which should be given by Government towards their construction, 37 ; 

 constitution of the Department by which such aid should be administered, 

 37 ; mode of dealing with applications for aid, 38 ; requisites of a fishing- 

 boat harbour, 39 ; a natural harbour described, 41-44 ; general principles 

 to be observed in the construction of harbours, 38-87, 111-113 ; different 

 classes of harbours, 45 ; capacities of various kinds of harbours, 87 ; 

 materials employed, 87-99 \ use f pontoons in putting in foundations of 

 piers, 99 ; pierres perdues, 100 ; deposit of silt, &c., 101 ; deposit of 

 shingle at entrances, 102 ; shoaling of natural bays, 103 ; cause of en- 

 closed harbours keeping open, 103 ; back-water scouring, 104 ; artificial 

 scouring, 107; lighting of harbours, no, in ; importance of adequate 

 harbour accommodation, 187; action taken by the State towards the 

 provision of harbours, 188 ; suggested amendment of law giving facilities 

 for construction of harbours, 189 



