148 



(196) An Iron Rod 5 ft. 1'50 in. long and 0'23 in. in diameter. It is known as sahut in 

 the Mo7.ufferpore district, and is used for spearing turtle. (197) A harpoon 9 ft. 3 in. with a 

 doubly barbed iron point 9 in. long. It is called ekdri in Sarun, where it is only used for 

 fishing turtle. Similar spears are also used all over the Indian rivers. (198) An ekdri point 

 with one barb. From the 24-Pergunnahs. (199) A Spear with a shaft 7 ft. 4 in. and a 

 simple point 5 -50 in. long. From the 24 Pergunnahs. (200) A Spear with four iron barbs, 

 measuring 12 ft. 3 in. The spear is called the atar in Nuddea, and chabrack in Jessore. 

 (201) A Fish Spear with a shaft 10 ft. 3 in. in length, and terminated by four barbed prongs 

 in one plane. From Puri. (202) A Spear witli a fire-marked bamboo shaft, 17 ft. 8 in. in 

 length. From the 24-Pergunnahs. (203) A six-pointed Spear, 12 ft. 8 in. in length, the 

 stem being made of bamboo. In the Nuddea district this spear is called tenta. (204) A 

 spear like the preceding. The spear is called junti, and is used for spearing large fish, turtles, 

 and small crocodiles. From Jessore. Floats. (205) Three Floats for rod and handline 

 fishing'. From Moorshedabad. (206) Two Floats made of the stems of a reed or grass. 

 From Moorshedabad. (207) Four small shola Floats. From Moorshedabad. Hooks. (208) 

 Ten Steel Hooks of different sizes. They differ from the English hook in being more 

 curved. From Moorshedabad. Eod Fishing Appliances. (209) Fishing Sox. An iron box, 

 14 in. by 11 in. by 9 in., with five compartments used by Calcutta anglers. In the four 

 compartments, a supply of bait, floats, and hooks is carried. In the large compartment, 

 the Bengali disciple of Isaac Walton stores his food for the day, his tobacco made into 

 a paste with molasses, his earthen pipe bowl or kulika, the charcoal cakes for 

 kindling the moist tobacco, and his Bryant and May's matches. The never-failing hoolcha is 

 carried in the hand. From Calcutta. General Baits. (210) Baits. The following 

 substances are generally used as ground baits in Bengal, viz., guruttuck = the bark of Cinna- 

 momum; burra methi, the seeds of Trigonella fsenum grazcum, L. ; khoodie methi = the seeds of 

 another ..variety of T. fcenum grsecum, L. ; khullee oilcake ; seeds of the cotton plant, 

 Gossypium herbaceum, L. ; chura = a rice paste dried and broken into fragments : seeds of 

 Sesamum orientale, wild ; and chilma matti = a plastic clay. All the seeds, &c., are parched 

 on the fire, and then pounded together and mixed with clay and water into a paste, which is 

 highly pungent and aromatic. This bait is either thrown into the water by the fishermen 

 while fishing, or it may be deposited in masses in the water encased in a split bamboo 

 driven into the bed of the tank or stream, some feet under water, and in this case the 

 slim top of bamboo projects above the water, and being tipped by a feather the move- 

 ments of the latter indicate when the fish are nibbling the bait, and the rod lire is used 

 over the spot ; the hook baited with a paste of flour and ghee, or decayed cheese mivxl with 

 clay or bread and fresh cheese. In Calcutta some other substances are also used, one mixture 

 consisting of the seeds of the mustard plant, Brassica juncea ; kalla-jeera = the seeds of 

 Nigella satwa ; tambul = the seeds of Zanthoxylum ; chota methi = the seeds of Melilotus 

 oarviftora ; akangee, the stems of Kmmpferia galanga, L. ; and ghore-boch, the stems of 

 Acorus calamus, L. ; and another consists of boiled rice, chaff, and the seeds of T. fcenum 

 grsecum boiled together. All these ground baits above mentioned are used for Catla buchanani, 

 Labeo rohita, Labeo calbasu, and Cirrhina mrigala. From Moorshedabad. Baits for Hooks. 

 (211) Baits. The pupas of the large silk-worm moth, called in Bengalee chookree and 

 considered a good bait for all fish. From Moorshedabad. (212) A species of earth-worm 

 common in Bengal, and called kenchoo, and also bhuie lanta, which means ground creeper. 

 From Moorshedabad. (213) A small prawn used as bait for large prawns and Cirrhina 

 mrigala. From Moorshedabad. (214) Cockroaches also used as bait, but chiefly for 

 predaceous fish. The insect is not impaled, but tied on immediately above the hook, and 

 the hook and insect are dipped about 3 in. to 4 in. in the water. From Moorshedabad. 

 (215) The young of Ophiocephalus marulius and Barbus stigma used as hook bait. From 

 Moorshedabad. Appliances for Ground Bait. (216) A bait made of aromatic substances is 

 mixed into a paste and tied on to the stick about 6 ft. from its lower end. From Moorshe- 

 dabad, where it is called char katee. (217) Another and similar stick 8 ft. 10 in. From 

 Moorshedabad. (218) Arrah. A portion of a bamboo 1 ft. 9 in. long and 1 in. diameter, 

 split near the middle longitudinally into thirteen narrow pieces, between which the ground 

 bait is inserted, the ends of the bamboo being entire. Lines with Hooks. (219) An appliance 

 called mah at Moorshedabad. (220) Another specimen, also from Moorshedabad. 



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