Norway. 323 



and a first sign of the foremost dorsal fin and of the abdominal fins has made its appearance. 

 The caudal fin is still more developed, and the embryonal natatory fold is about to be 

 absorbed, forming slight instrictions between the developing persistent fins. Fig. 43. Young 

 of 22 mm. length, caught at the surface of the sea in the middle of June. The primitive 

 natatory fold is almost quite obliterated, and the persistent fins are formed, the foremost 

 dorsal still being very small. The peritoneal lining of the visceral cavity is developed, con- 

 cealing the viscera. PLATE IV. (3) Development of the young Cod, continued, 1866-1867. 

 Fig. 44. Young Cod of 35 mm. length, caught beneath a jelly-fish (Cyanea capillata), first 

 days of July. Every trace of the primitive natatory fold has now disappeared, and the per- 

 sistent fins are developed, the foremost dorsal and the abdominals, however, being still rather 

 small. The cirrus at the end of the lower jaw is about to be formed. The pigmentary spots 

 of the body are increased in number, and form on each side six or eight faint transverse bands. 

 Fig. 45. Young Cod of 55 mm. length, caught from smaller shoals at the surface of the sea, in 

 the vicinity of the shore, first days of August. All the fins have assumed their definitive 

 form, and the colour of the body has changed in a remarkable manner, light brown spots alter- 

 nating rather regularly on the sides. Fig. 46. Young Cod of 60 mm. length, caught at the 

 bottom, close to the shore, middle of August. The colour of the body is darker, and the 

 alternating spots more pronounced and quadrangulars forming four longitudinal rows on each 

 side. The cirrus of the lower jaw is fully developed and protracted. Fig. 47. Young Cod of 

 80 mm. length, caught under similar circumstances and at the same time as the former. The 

 dark spots are about to flow together, and along the lateral line four or five very light patches 

 are discerned. Fig. 48. Young Cod of 100 mm. length, caught near the shore along with 

 smaller ones in the latter part of August. The colour is again about to change, the original 

 dark spots now having quite flowed together, forming the ground colour of the body, while 

 light irregularly formed spots have made their appearance disposed on each side in three 

 longitudinal rows, the middle one occupying the lateral line. Fig. 49. Young Cod of 166 mm. 

 length, caught at a depth of 10 to 12 fathoms in the vicinity of the shore, natural size. The 

 colour now is about to assume the one characteristic of the species. PLATE V. (5) Develop- 

 ment of the Young Cod, continued. Figs. 50-52. Three specimens of somewhat different 

 colour, caught December, 1868, at the depth of 10 to 12 fathoms in the vicinity of the shore, 

 natural size. In the upper figure the colour is that which is most frequently met with. The 

 middle one exhibits the peculiar red-brown hue and robust form not rarely observed in speci- 

 mens which visit stony bottoms with a rich vegetation of red alga. The lower figure shows 

 the less vivid colour and more slender form, which the young Cod often assume after having 

 dwelt for some time on a sandy bottom of the sea. PLATE VI. (6) Development of the 

 Young Cod, continued. Figs. 53 and 54. Two specimens of somewhat different colour and size, 

 caught off the shore at a depth of 20 to 30 fathoms, January, 1869, the upper figure natural 

 size, the lower one two-thirds natural size. These specimens are about one year old. 

 PLATE VII. Fig. 55. Cod of 20 in. length, not yet adult, caught in March, 1869, at a depth 

 of 30 to 40 fathoms, half natural size. Fig. 56. Adult spawny Cod of 33 in. length, caught on 

 the fishing banks at a depth of 80 to 100 fathoms, one-third natural size, March, 1869. 



IQ2a. SELSKABET FOR DE NORSKE PISKERIERS FREMME, 

 Bergen. Development of Lobster Ova and Fry, in spirit. 



DIVISION XXXVII. 



193. BYGD0 KONGSGAARD (the Eoyal Farm, Bygd0), by Hoist, 

 the Superintendent and Chamberlain, Kristiania. Model of the Fish Ladder in the Sarpsfos, 

 constructed by Mr. L0vstad. 



194. LANDMARK, A., Inspector of Fisheries, Kristiania; Inspector of\ 

 the Freshwater Fisheries of Norway. Awarded F^iinburgh, 1882, Silver Medal. Drawings 

 with Map and Explanation of the Salmon Ladder at Sireaaen. 



DIVISION XL. 



195. MOHN, H., Professor, Kristiania. Awarded Berlin, 1880, Gold 

 Medal. (1) Chart of the depths of the Norwegian Sea and of the Arctic Ocean. (2) Map 

 showing the Distribution of Temperature in the Norwegian Sea and of the Arctic Ocean 

 (vertical sections). 



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