Portugal. 331 



Central Department. 



This comprises the shore from the left bank of the Mindego to Cape St. Vincent, and is 

 divided into three districts, viz. : 1. Alcoboca (Sollartinho) ; 2. Lisbon, 3. Setubal. 



1. Alcobofa. (sea-port S. Martinho). This district includes the townships of Alcoboe.a 

 and Obidos, and has two ports, where fishing is carried on, viz., S. Martinho (Foz do Arelho) 

 and Praia de Nazareth (Costa de Vieira). 



S. Martinho has only about fourteen or fifteen fishermen by profession, the larger portion 

 being sailors, who when they have no other work follow fishing, to occupy their time, in boats 

 of their own. 



The fish caught here are eels (safio), in from 12 to 14 fathoms of water, outside the bar, 

 aiid for a mile N. and S. Lobster fishing is carried on outside the bar by means of traps in 

 8 or 10 fathoms of water. Shell fish are also taken outside the bar with proper utensils, and 

 also on the river, but this latter fishery is unimportant. 



There are occasions when quantities of both large and small fish of all kinds come within 

 the limits of the port, drag-nets are employed in catching these, besides small nets called 

 tralhas, and the tackle called espinheis. The summer months is the time when the industry is 

 most active at this station. The vessels employed are small boats and canoes from ten to 

 twenty tons manned by one or two hands. The market is supplied with fish coming directly 

 from Nazareth. 



Lagoa de Foz do Arelho. Different qualities of fish are captured here, and the utensils 

 adopted are those called algerifa, which require four or five persons to work them. The vessels 

 are small boats with flat bottoms. The individuals who carry on fishing are not exclusively 

 fishermen, but are engaged during the larger portion of the year in agriculture, and only follow 

 the former calling in winter. Every year four or five boats are enrolled, having eight or 

 ten men. 



Praia da Nazareth. This is the most important point in the district. The methods of 

 capture on this coast are drag-nets and fixed engines for small fish, and hooks for the larger 

 species in deep waters. The total fishing products at this port of late years has amounted to 

 from sixty to seventy million reis (this relates to the year 1878). 



Thirty vessels are engaged here of various sizes, twenty-four being employed with drag- 

 nets and fixed engines, the remainder follow sea-fishing. The number of persons employed is 

 less than 300. There is no restriction in the seasons except for fixed engines, which can only 

 be used from May to August ; other fishing lasts all through the year. 



Vieira. The fishing industry at this port is confined to sardine catching with drag -nets. 

 There are five barks and sixteen hands, in addition to a company of from forty to five hundred 

 day labourers. The season lasts from July to the end of October. 



2. Lisbon. This district comprises the townships of Lisbon, Lerminha, Sobral, Peniche, 

 Ericeira, Ciutra, Cascaes, Ociras, Betem, Olivaes, Villa Franca, Arambrija, Ateochete, 

 Aldegallega, Barrein, Seisal, and Alnieda. 



Peniche. Branches of industry, coast and deep-sea fishing. Fish taken are sardines, 

 chicom, whiting, safio, cherne and others. Approximate value 37,000 milreis. Modes of capture, 

 arma$oes, nets called saccadas, sardinheiras, also hooks and lines. There are twelve 

 large vessels carrying the armaqoes, sixty-two smaller ones auxiliary to them, sixty 

 small ones with the sardinheiras, thirty-eight large boats for catching chicom with the saccadas, 

 and for larger fish ninety others are enrolled with crews amounting to 1550 men, besides 

 thirty occasional hands. The season for sardine-catching with armapoes takes place from 

 January to August, and with sardinheiras from August to December. Deep sea-fishing goes 

 on all through the year. 



Ericeira. Coast fishing only carried on here, the fish caught are whiting and sardines ; 

 lobsters also are taken. Nets are used for whiting and sardines ; the lobster is taken with a 

 trap shaped like a sack and placed at the bottom of the sea. There are seven vessels of large 

 size for the nets employed in catching whiting, with crews of ten to eighteen ; also thirty 

 smaller ones employed in hook-fishing for sardines, and rod-fishing for whiting entering the sea 

 from the river's mouth, and such as can be carried on close to the port. These have crews of 

 from four to eight persons. Besides these there are very small boats designated focinhos de 



