356 Sweden. 



value of this fishery at 308,600 Swedish crowns ; and as no statistical reports concerning the 

 fishery in question in the other provinces are to be had, it may for these provinces, without 

 exaggeration, be estimated at an annual sum of 351,900 Swedish crowns, which makes the 

 annual revenue of these fisheries for the whole kingdom, in round numbers, 2,000,000 

 Swedish crowns. 



C. The Lake and other Freshwater Fisheries, with the exception of the salmon fishing, are, 

 in the south and central parts of Sweden, carried on principally for the perch (Perca 

 fluviatilis, L.), the pike perch (Lucioperca sandra, Cuv.), the pike (Esox lucius, L.), the 

 bream (Abramis brama, L.), and other fishes of the carp tribe, as well as for the burbot (Lota 

 vulgaris, Cuv.), the eel (Murena anguilla, L.), the lampern (Petromyzon fluviatilis), and 

 the smelt (Osmerus eperlanus). A tolerably good income in these parts of Sweden, with 

 the exception of the westernmost districts, is also to be had from cray-fish (Astacus fluviatilis), 

 which are often very numerous in the smaller lakes and rivers. In the lakes in the north 

 of Sweden especially are caught some species of the genus Coregonus, and also the above- 

 mentioned species. The fisheries in the lakes are carried on as a livelihood by a population 

 of fishermen residing on the shores ; as a subordinate pursuit by farm people, cottagers, 

 artisans and soldiers, who either possess fishing-licenses or have procured such by agreement. 

 The products of these fisheries are mostly disposed of in a fresh state in the neighbourhood of 

 the fisheries, but of late years part of them have been preserved in ice and exported to 

 Germany. The reports concerning the revenue of these fisheries are very incomplete, but the 

 annual revenue of all the lake and freshwater fisheries has been estimated in round numbers 

 at 2,000,000 Swedish crowns, which is no doubt much too little. 



D. The Salmon Fisheries. The richest of the many salmon-streams of Sweden are the 

 Torne, Lule, Time, Angerman, and Ljusne rivers in Norrland, and the Viska, Atran, Nissa, 

 Laga and Qvistrum in the west of Sweden. A great quantity is also taken in the 

 Lake Wener. The salmon fisheries are carried on in the Norrland rivers from 

 the end of May until the beginning of September; in the rivers of the west of 

 Sweden from the beginning of April until the middle of July, and along the coasts of 

 Scania and Blekinge in the winter months, if the ice does not prevent. The largest salmon 

 fisheries in the country are those at Elfkarleby in Upland, and at Morrum in Blekinge. 

 The salmon caught in the rivers on the west coast is considered better than the salmon 

 taken in the rivers on the east coast, and is quite as good as the Scotch. The salmon is now- 

 a-days mostly sold fresh, either in Sweden or abroad, in which latter case it is packed in ice 

 and exported, via Stockholm, Gothenburg, or Malmo, by wholesale houses to England and 

 Germany especially to Berlin. The greater part of the salmon taken on the south coast of 

 Sweden in winter is sent to Germany or Denmark to be smoked. The annual revenue of our 

 salmon-fisheries may safely be estimated at 625,000 Swedish crowns. 



E. TJie Eel Fishery (with Traps on the Coasts}. Very high prices being paid for the eel, the 

 catching of this fish will become one of the most valuable fisheries of the Baltic. This kind of 

 fishery is carried on from the town of Grisslehamn as far as the western coast of the province 

 of Scania. The eel is caught by means of large traps (hommor\ and the best time for catching 

 it is in September and October. The annual revenue of this fishery may safely be estimated 

 at 150,000 Swedish crowns. The value of all the fisheries of the kingdom, estimated approxi- 

 mately, but judging from all appearances by no means too high, should, as shown above, 

 amount to A. Herring and Sprat Fisheries, 3,865,000 Swedish Crowns : B. Coast and Sea 

 Fisheries, 2,000,000 Swedish Crowns; C. Lake Fishery, 2,000,000 Swedish Crowns; D. Salmon 

 Fishery, 625,000 Swedish Crowns; E. Eel Fishery with Traps, 150,000 Swedish Crowns- 

 Total, 8,640,000 Swedish Crowns. 



For the Superintendence and Improvement of the Fisheries the following officials are 

 appointed : An Inspector of the fisheries in fresh waters and on the east coast of Sweden, 

 with two assistants and one instructor in fish-breeding. Besides these government fishery 

 officials, there are, in certain provinces and waters, fishery overseers appointed, whose chief 

 duty is to see that the enactments relating to fisheries are observed. Of these overseers 

 some are paid by grants from the State, others by " Landsting " and agricultural societies, 

 conjointly with the owners of the fishing waters. The direction and superintendence of the 

 sea-fishery on the west coast of the kingdom, is entrusted to an overseer, who is under 



