152 



FISHERIES EXHIBITION LITERATURE. 



South Western Railway Company, 

 rates for carriage of fish, iv., 375 



Southport Aquarium, successful breed- 

 ing of turbot in, vi., 278 



Southwell, Sir Robert, letter of, show- 

 ing condition of Kinsale fisheries in 

 I7th and i8th centuries, vii., 119 



Sowerby's whale, absence of teeth in 

 the upper jaw, ii., 185 



Spain, methods of trawling, i., 277 ; 

 finest Canadian cod sent there, v., 

 131 ; mode of cooking cured fish, v., 

 293 ; sardine fisheries, v., 357 ; 

 use of boats fitted with submarine 

 light for attracting fish, v. 359-360 ; 

 xiii., 46; Central Fisheries Commis- 

 sion, v., 361 ; its mode of procedure, 

 v., 362 ; Spanish method of curing 

 pilchards, vi., 131, 133; oyster beds, 

 vii., 246; opinions respecting the 

 causes of the diminution of fisheries, 

 vii. , 249, 250 ; nets and other ap- 

 pliances used by Spanish fishermen, 

 vii., 250 ; destruction of fish by drag 

 nets, vii., 251 ; proposed legislation 

 on salmon fisheries, vii., 253 ; salmon 

 a luxury, vii., 253; fishery boards 

 in maritime provinces, vii., 254 ; 

 diminution of sea-bream and other 

 shore species of fish, vii. , 260 ; dis- 

 tinctive character of the fisheries 

 carried on upon the Atlantic and 

 Mediterranean seaboards, xiii., 41 ; 

 Spanish exhibit very comprehensive, 

 xiii., 41 ; value of the various fish- 

 eries, xiii., 42, no; the return not 

 commensurate with the labour em- 

 ployed, xiii., 42 ; the fisheries for the 

 tunny and the sardine the most im- 

 portant, xiii., 43 ; mode of capturing 

 these fish, xiii., 43; use of cod roe as 

 a lure for sardines, xiii., 44 ; the cod 

 fishery, xiii., 44 ; attempt to obtain a 

 prohibition of the use of the " bou," 

 a kind of trawl-net, xiii., 45 ; use of 

 flax for nets, xiii., 46 ; and of esparto 

 grass for cordage, xiii., 47 ; use of 

 steam trawlers, xiii., 47 ; condensed 

 report on the fishing industries gene- 

 rally, xiii., 514-519 



Spalding Angling Club, iii., 161 



Spanish bream, azure-blue spots on, i., 

 91 ; anatomical details, viii., 68; 



Spanish Commission, views of, as to 

 value of conferences, v., 355 



Spanish fishermen in the United States, 



V., 21 



Spanish mackerel, its anatomy, i., 109; 

 eggs, ii., 19; transported in a frozen 

 condition, v., 7; artificial hatching 

 of, in the United States, v., 15 ; 

 a name said to be given to the gar- 

 pike, vii., 236 ; not of commercial 

 importance, x., 141 



Spanker-eel, a name given in Northum- 

 berland to the lampern, viii. , 324 



Sparidce, or sea-breams, description of, 

 i., 91 ; abundance of this family in 

 the Australian waters, v., 306 ; family 

 furnishes chief supply of food fishes 

 in New South Wales, v., 312-314 



Sparling. See Smelts. 



"Spat" (oyster spawn), iv., 69; de- 

 struction by the " Wondyrchoum " in 

 olden times, iv., 315 ; by mackerel, 

 iv., 349 ; good localities for collect- 

 ing it, v., 89 ; how collected, v., 89 ; 

 its cultivation, v., 90 ; its fluctua- 

 tion, v., 90; whence derived, v., 

 91; mortality of spat, v., 95, 107; 

 none at bed in Scotland, v., 

 102 ; none at Whitstable, v., 102 ; 

 time of fall in Holland, v., 104; 

 none in England for years past, v., 

 105 ; fecundity of, uncertain, v., 106 ; 

 supposed to float during day and sink 

 at night, v., 1 06; might be collected 

 in the Solent, v., 107 ; will not fix on 

 unclean collectors, v., 107 ; spat 

 defined, v., 109 



Spawn and fry of fish, Act of Elizabeth 

 for preservation of, i., 230 



Spawn and fry of crabs, taking of pro- 

 hibited, i., 245 



Spawn, alleged destruction of, by 

 trawlers, iv. , 8, 86, 96 ; different 

 meanings attached to the term, viii., 

 49 ; incorrect ideas respecting it, ix., 



170, 210 



Spawning of fish, viii. , 36 

 Spawning apparatus, description of dif- 

 ferent kinds of, ii., 43 



