FISHERIES EXHIBITION LITERATURE. 



exhaustion, v., 418, 420; sponges 

 destructive to young mussels, vi., 

 306 ; possibility of exhausting a 

 fishery, xiii., 136-144 

 Spoonbills, capable of leading a partly 



aquatic life, ii., 176 

 Sportsmen's Angling Club, iii., 174 

 Spotted dog-fish. See Dog Fishes. 

 Spotted gunnell, or butter fish, L, 138 

 Spotted ling, a local name for the ling, 



viii., 1 68 



" Spouting " of whales, iii., 250-263 

 Sprat fisheries of Scotland, ii., 216; 

 xi., 150; increase in sprat fisheries, 

 iv., 90 ; glut of sprats at certain 

 times, iv., 97 ; fisheries of Sweden, 

 v., 259, 261 ; of the south of England, 

 xi., 137 ; other fisheries, xi., 177 

 Sprat-net, or stow-net, use of, on the 



coast of England, i., 295 

 Sprats, classed as "floating fish," i., 

 12; how taken, i., 12; abundance 

 and price of, i., 37 ; value of fisheries, 

 i., 41 ; compared with the herring, i., 

 172; x., 363-366; distinctive fea- 

 tures, ii., 135 ; use in heraldry, iii., 

 67, 74 ; size of mesh of nets used in 

 capture of this fish at Leigh in Essex, 

 iv., 312 ; railway rates for carriage 

 of, iv., 359, 361, 373 ; are not young 

 herrings, vi., 78; preyed upon by 

 mackerel, vi., 281 ; by herrings, vi., 

 284 ; and by cod, vi., 285, 287 ; are 

 food for salmon, vi., 184 ; names 

 given to this fish, viii., 298 ; x., 

 381; anatomical details viii., 298; 

 x., 3 6 4> 3 6 S ; habits, viii., 299 ; x., 

 373 ; migrations, viii., 299 ; means 

 of capture, viii., 300 ; x., 377 ; 

 breeding, viii., 301 ; x., 376-377 ; 

 diseases, viii., 301 ; value as food, 

 viii., 303; x., 379; tinned as "an- 

 chovies," viii., 303 ; sprat " anchovy 

 paste," viii., 304 ; uses as bait and as 

 manure, viii., 304; x., 379; size 

 attained by them, viii,, 305 ; x., 377 ; 

 geographical distribution, x., 373; 

 food, x., 374 ; commercial value, x., 

 378 ; their suitability for curing as 

 sardines, x., 380; general descrip- 

 tion, x., 382 



Spreckley, T., remarks on coarse fish 

 culture, vi., 229, 243 



"Spring-backs," xi., in 



Spring fishing, for seals, vii., 158 



Spring herring fishery, iv., 320, 321, 

 337, 346 



Spring herrings, price of, iv., 320, 322 



Spring water, its advantages for hatch- 

 ing purposes, vi., 37, 38, 45 



Spur, another name for one of the dog- 

 fishes, viii., 316 



SquamipinneS) only one fish of this 

 family used for food in Neto South 

 Wales, v., 314 



Squat lobsters, despised as food, vi., 

 366 



Squeteague, or bonito, their production 

 not likely to be interfered with by 

 human agency, v., 62 



Squid, esteemed as food by ancient 

 Greeks and by nations on the Medi- 

 terranean, iii., 47; incapable of re- 

 pairing their injuries, iii., 242 ; use 

 as bait, v., 126 



Squins, xi., 481 



St. Helena, imports of fish and salt, 

 v., 481 



Stake, a local name for the ling, viii., 

 168 



Stake -nets, included in list of " fixed 

 engines," i., 221 ; description of, and 

 and mode of using, i., 316 ; argu- 

 ments in favour of, ii., 306, 310; 

 method of using in India, ii. , 456 ; 

 size of mesh of French nets, iv., 319 ; 

 the identity in principle of stake nets, 

 with the weirs used in the East Indies, 

 in Brazil, and elsewhere, xiii., 7 



Stakes, evils attached to use of, in 

 Spain, vii., 252 



Stalk-eyed crustaceans, list of, vi., 284; 

 definition of, vi., 355; typical speci- 

 mens in British waters, vi., 359 ; 

 preyed upon by cod and flat fish, 

 vi., 364; peculiarities of the soldier 

 crab, vi., 368 



Stanhope, Sir H. S., remarks on pol- 

 luted water, vii., 41 



Staples, Mr. Alderman (London), re- 

 marks on artificial propagation of 

 fish, iv., 322 



