32 



nearly straight, specially on the head which has a longitu- 

 dinal keel. Height 4 4 ! / s , head 4 2 /3~ 5> eye 4 4 4 / 5 , ! / 4 Vs 

 longer than snout, which only slightly projects beyond the 

 under jaw, situated in the anterior half of the head. Maxil- 

 lary narrow, obtusely pointed behind, extending to the man- 

 dibular joint. Origin of dorsal midway between head and root 

 of caudal, or a little nearer to lastnamed, behind origin of 

 anal, which is as long as its distance from the head. Ventrals 

 midway between anal and suboperculum, or nearer to the 

 head. Pectorals about as long as head without snout, reaching 

 beyond the root of the ventrals. Caudal deeply forked. Teeth 

 on vomer, palatines, pterygoids and tongue. In the maxillary 

 are series of distant caninoid teeth, curved inwards, irregularly 

 alternating with similar but flexible teeth. In the lower jaw 

 6 14 still larger caninoid teeth, between which a series of 

 small nearly invisible teeth in the gum. About 10 stout 

 curved flattened spinous gillrakers, a little longer than the 

 branchial filaments, about as long as the pupil. Scales thin, 

 deciduous, with irregular and irregularly curved transversal 

 lines. Long axillary scales at pectorals and ventrals. About 

 17 1 8 abdominal scutes behind pectorals, 10 of which post- 

 ventral. Silvery. Length more than 280 mm. 



Habitat: Borneo (Banjermassin, Pontianak, Sinkawang, 

 middle-course of Kapuasriver) ; Sumatra (Banjuasin, Palembang, 

 Djambi !). Siam. 



Brackish and freshwater. 



4. Engraulis Cuvier. 



(Cuvier, Regne animal. Ed. I, 1817, p. 174). 



Oblong or elongate, compressed. Scales moderate, more or 

 less deciduous. Abdominal scutes always between pectorals 

 and anus, mostly also before pectorals. Maxillary more or less 

 produced, sometimes even surpassing ventrals [Fig. 18]. Mouth 

 oblique. Origin of dorsal before origin of anal, which is rather 

 long (27 50 rays), and goes 2 2 / 3 4 times in length. Upper 

 pectoral ray not produced. Teeth on jaws, vomer, palatines, 

 pterygoids and tongue. No caninoid teeth. 



Synopsis of the species. 



I. Ventral keel before pectorals without scutes. Anal 



behind dorsal. Gillrakers 20 22 E. baelama p. 33. 



