39 



ring behind and reaching pectorals. Dorsal very much nearer 

 to caudal than to snout. Origin of dorsal a little nearer to 

 caudal than to end of snout, situated far behind base of ven- 

 trals. Its height I '/ 2 times its length, about as long as snout 

 and eye. Anal more than 3 times in length, its origin below 

 or a little behind end of dorsal. Ventrals i'/ 2 times the dia- 

 meter of eye, their origin midway between anal and mandi- 

 bulary joint. Pectorals equalling head without snout, reaching 

 ventrals. Caudal deeply incised, its lobes 4 times in length. 

 Small teeth on jaws, vomer, palatines, pterygoids and tongue. 

 About 13 strong flattened gillrakers, conspicuously spinulated 

 along the innerside. Scales thin, not readily deciduous, with 

 vertical lines forming a network on the hindpart of the scales, 

 which have a rough irregular hindborder. About 28 abdominal 

 scutes, beginning at the throat, keeled and pointed behind> 

 especially the 12 postventral ones. Silvery, back dark, Sca- 

 pulary region with black venules. Lower part of head pow- 

 dered with black. Fins hyaline, caudal with a darkish margin. 

 Length 190 mm. 



Nomen indig. : Bulu ajam (Batavia). 



Habitat: Java (Batavia!, Bantam, Tjilatjap, Semarang, 

 Surabaya, Pasaruan) ; Madura; Sumatra (Benkulen, Priaman, 

 Tiku); Singapore; Banka, Borneo (Sinkawang) ; North Celebes. 

 China; British India. 



In sea and estuaries. 



7. Engraulis purava (Ham. Buch). 



Clupea purava Hamilton, Buchanan, Fishes Ganges 1822, p. 238, 382. 

 Engraulis piirava Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poissons XXI. 1848, p. 65. 

 Engraulis purava Cantor, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal XVIII. 1850, p. 1290. 

 Engraulis purava Giinther, Cat. Brit. Mus. VII. 1868, p. 397. 

 Engraulis purava Bleeker, Atl. Ichth. VI. 1866 1872, p. 135. 

 Engraulis purava Day, Fishes of India 4. 1878 1888, p. 628. 



B. 12; D. i. 13; A. 4550; P. 1415; v - 67; L. 1. 46; 

 L. tr. 12. 



Oblong, compressed. Height about 4, head about 5, eye 

 4 ! / 2 5- Snout prominent, 3 / 4 of eye. The maxillary is dilated 

 above the mandibulary joint and its posterior tapering por- 

 tion extends to the root of the pectoral. Origin of dorsal 

 midway between snout and caudal or a little nearer to the 

 latter, far behind base of ventrals. Anal 2 2 / 3 in length of body. 



