62 



than snout, about ! / 4 shorter than postorbital part of head. 

 Maxillary reaches frontmargin of eye or nearly so, 2 1 / 2 2 3 / 4 

 in head; 10 12 diverging postfrontal striae. Operculum about 

 2*/ 2 times as high as broad. Suboperculum small, hindmargin 

 oblique; hindmargin of praeoperculum straight, its angle rounded. 

 Cheeks, opercles and streak above and behind them venulous. 

 Base of dorsal nearer to caudal than to snout. The distance of its 

 origin to the caudal is ^ longer than that to the snout. Its base 

 about as long as its height, twice as long as diameter of eye. Base 

 of anal shorter than that of dorsal. Pectorals nearly as long as 

 head without snout. Ventrals below second ! / 4 of dorsal. Caudal 

 with the base scaly and with two large elongated scales. Length 

 of caudal 5 ! / 2 6 in the total length. Teeth on palatines, ptery- 

 goids and on the tongue. Gillrakers about 30, roughly tuber- 

 culated all round, half as long as eye. Scales smooth, deciduous, 

 thin, their hindmargin irregular; about 17 praeventral and 14 

 postventral flatly carinated scutes. Above dark blue, below 

 silvery, upperhalf of sides with pearl-coloured longitudinal 

 band, sometimes with 12 20 dark blue spots. Scapular region 

 sometimes with dark spot. Fins hyaline ; dorsal and caudal 

 dusky. Length over 200 mm. 



Habitat: Java (Batavia!); Island Onrust!; Sumatra (Telok- 

 betong); Singapore; Celebes (Bulucomba, Menado); Batjan ; Obi 

 major; Ceram (Wahai). China; Ceylon; Red Sea. 



2. Clupea (Amblygaster) sirm Riipp. 



Clupea sirm Riippell, Neue Wirbelth. Fische, 1835 1840, p. 77 '). 

 Sardinella leiogastr aides Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Indie, VII. 1854, p. 255. 

 Clupea sirm Gunther, Cat. Brit. Mus. VII. 1868, p. 425 (pro parte). 

 Clupea (Amblygaster} leiogastroides Bleeker, Atl. Ichth. VI. livr. 25, 26. 1872, p. 102. 

 Clupea sirm Gunther, Fische der Siidsee, Heft VIII. 1909, p. 383. 



B. 6;D. 18; A. I/ l8;P. I/; V. 8; L. 1. 42 45 ; L. tr. IO 12. 

 Elongate, dorsal and ventral profile nearly equal. Height 



4Va 4 3 /4> head 4'/4 4'/2> eye 3 ! /2 3 2 / 3 > a little shorter than 

 snout, i'/ 2 in postorbital part of head. Maxillary reaches to 

 frontmargin of eye, about 2'/ 2 in head. More than 15 diver- 

 ging postfrontral striae, the innermost of both sides touch 

 each other nearly in the median line. Operculum more than 

 2 J / 2 times as high as broad, suboperculum quadrangular, not 



i) Forskal; Descr. Animal. 1775, P- XVII: w Clupea charact. harengi; sed 

 minor. Arab. Sirm (Not binomial). 



