82 



rather firm, 12 15 praedorsal median scales, 16 18 prae- 

 ventral, 13 postventral scutes. Silvery, back and snout dark. 

 Fins hyaline, dorsal often anteriorly dark-coloured, as also the 

 caudal or its margin. Length nearly 160 mm. 



Habitat: Sumatra (Trussan, Padang, Tiku, Priaman, Siboga); 

 Nias!; Pulu Weh ! ; Singapore; Biliton ; Celebes (Macassar, 

 Bonthain, Menado); Bali; Sumbawa; Buru; Ceram!; Ambon!; 

 Saparua; Solor; Timor; Batjan; Ternate; Waigeu!; Kei 

 Islands!. Australia?; New Hebrides; Solomon Islands; 



Admirality Islands; Marshall Islands; Fidji Islands; Philip- 

 pines; China; Japan; Andamans; Nicobars; Ceylon. 



In Sea. 



13. Clupea (Harengula) longiceps (C. V.) 



Sardinella longiceps Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poissons XX. 1847, p. 273. 

 Sardinella Neohowii Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poissons XX. 1847, p. 274. 

 Alosa scombrina Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poissons XX. 1847, p. 442. 

 Sardinella lemuru Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Indie, IV. 1853, p. 500. 

 Clupea lemuru Gunther, Cat. Brit. Mus. VII. 1868, p. 430. 

 Clupea scombrina Gunther, Cat. Brit. Mus. VII. 1868, p. 448. 

 Clupea (Harengula) lemuru Bleeker, Atl. Ichth. VI. livr. 25, 26. 1872, p. 108. 

 Clupea longiceps Day, Fishes of India 4. 18781888, p. 637. 



B. 6; D. 16 18; A. 1316; P. 1516; V. 89; L. 1. 

 45; L. tr. 1213. 



Elongate, dorsal and ventral profile evenly convex. Height 

 4 4 ! / 3 , head 3 3 / 4 4, eye 4 4 ! / 2 , shorter than snout and 

 much shorter than postorbital part of head. Maxillary reaches 

 beyond frontmargin of eye, about 2 ] / 2 in head. About 8 10 

 diverging postfrontal striae. Operculum twice as high as broad. 

 Suboperculum rectangular, its lower posterior angle rounded. 

 Dorsal somewhat nearer to caudal than to snout, its origin 

 distinctly nearer to snout. Height of dorsal somewhat more 

 than its length, which equals the postorbital part of head. 

 Length of anal equals half length of head. Pectorals some- 

 what shorter than head without snout. Origin of ventrals 

 behind middle of dorsal. Caudal 5*/ 4 6 in the total length. 

 Teeth on palatines, pterygoids and tongue. Gillrakers circa 

 1 20, the longest nearly as long as eye, less than half breadth 

 of operculum. Scales smooth, irregularly crenulated; 13 15 

 praedorsal scales, 18 praeventral and 14 postventral abdominal 

 scutes. Silvery above, brownish on the back. Sometimes a 



