the pectorals. Height of dorsal more than length of postorbital 

 part of head, dorsal spine i' 2 / 5 1 3 / 4 in head, its frontedge granular, 

 its posterior edge serrated. Base of adipose fin about equal 

 to that of dorsal, more than thrice in its distance from dorsal, 

 opposite to concave anal, the height of which is 2 / 3 of that of 

 the dorsal. Ventrals about 2 ! / 2 in head, far distant from anal, 

 their origin far behind end of base of dorsal. Pectoral spine 

 more than twice in head, denticulated at both edges. Caudal 

 forked. Villiform bands of teeth in the jaws; on the palate 

 two longitudinal, semioval patches of obtusely conical teeth. 

 Back bluish, light below. Distal part of dorsal and adipose 

 fin dark blue. Length 310 mm. 



No men in dig.: Ikan Manjong karbo (Malay. Batavia) ; 

 Ikan Lundu (Semarang); Ikan keteng (Surabaya); Ikan Songop 

 (Pasuruan). 



Habitat: Java (Batavia, Semarang, Surabaya, Pasuruan); 

 Madura; Java-Sea!; Sumatra (Bagan api api!); Borneo (Sarawak); 

 Singapore. - - Malacca to British India. 



Sea, estuaries and tidal rivers. 



7. Batrachocephalus (Bleeker.). 

 (BLEEKER, Nat. & Geneesk. Arch. Ned. Ind. Ill (2), 1846, p. 176). 



.* 



Elongate; head large, broad, depressed, with a very short 

 obtuse snout. Headshields naked. Eyes in the anterior half of 

 the head, with a free orbital margin, above angle of mouth, 

 which has a very wide, arcuate gape. The lower jaw is prominent. 

 Nostrils very close together, the posterior separated by a valve 

 from the anterior one, which has a circular rim, both are close 

 to the eye. A pair of very small mandibulary barbels and 

 indications of the mental ones. Short dorsal with a denticulated 

 pungent spine and 7 rays. Adipose fin short, opposite to anal. 

 Ventrals 6-rayed, reaching the anal or nearly so; their origin 

 far behind end of base of dorsal. Pectorals with a strong, 

 denticulated spine. Caudal forked. Obtusely conical teeth in 

 four or five more or less complete series, forming a cresccntic 

 band in each jaw. Vomer edentulous. Palatines with a longi- 

 tudinal band of conical teeth. Gillmembranes confluent and 

 united with the isthmus, having a free posterior margin without 

 notch. 5 Branchiostegals. 



