101 



equal to pectorals, about 4 / 5 length of head, somewhat distant 

 from or reaching anus. Pectorals reaching on ventrals. Caudal 

 deeply forked, about equal to head. Least height of caudal 

 peduncle about twice in head; 31 scales round caudal peduncle, 

 15 of which above the lateral lines. Scales on back smaller 

 than those on lower side. Silvery, back dark. A black blotch at 

 base of caudal. Upper and lower margin of caudal and margin 

 of dorsal blackish. Length over 300 mm. 



Nomen indig. : Ikan Lumu pakkoh and Lumbut (Palem- 

 bang), Kapas Kapas or Ke Kapas (Djambi). 



Habitat: Sumatra (Palembang!, Lahat, Djambi!); Borneo 

 (Banjermassin, river Kapuas, Danau Sriang). 



3. Cyprinus Cuvier. 



(CuviER, Regne animal II, 1817, p. 191). 



Mouth terminal with 4 barbels. Dorsal long, with the last 

 simple ray ossified and serrated behind ; its origin opposite to 

 that of ventrals. Anal short, its origin below dorsal, its last 

 simple ray strongly ossified and serrated behind. Scales large, 



Fig. 44. Cyprinus carpio var. flavipinms C.V. X Vs- 



lateral line complete, running in the middle of the tail. Pharyn- 

 geal teeth 3.1.1 1.1.3, rnolarlike, with the crown sulcate, flat 

 or somewhat hollowed. Branchial openings rather wide, reaching 

 to below hindborder of praeoperculum. Gillmembranes broadly 

 united with isthmus. 



Distribution: Fresh water of temperate parts \oi Asia 

 and Europe, from where introduced in many parts of the 

 world and changed into many varieties. *'* 



