Banka; Borneo (Mandhor, river Kapuas, river Kahajan, river 

 Akar '). 



In swamps, brooks and rivers. 



12. Puntius tawarensis n. sp. 



5(4l) 



0.4.78; A. 3.5; P. 1.16; V. 1.8 9; L.I. 25; L. tr. i . 



4l 



Oblong, dorsal profile of head slightly ascending in a straight 

 line, behind nape slightly arched or slowly ascending, often 

 with a sudden elevation behind the nape. Height 3.3 3.4, 

 4.1 4.2 in length with caudal. Head 3.2 3.3, 4 4.1 in length 

 with caudal. Eye 5, 1.6 1.8 in pointed snout, which is some- 

 what longer than interorbital space. Mouth nearly terminal, 

 the upper lip overlapping the lower one. Maxillary barbels more 

 than i ! / 2 to 2 times as long as eye, the rostral ones shorter. 

 Origin of dorsal opposite to 8th O r 9 th scale of lateral line, and 

 opposite to or slightly before origin of ventrals, separated by 

 9 10 scales from occiput, opposite to the middle of a line 

 connecting end of snout and base of caudal or somewhat before 

 or behind it. Dorsal slightly emarginate, the fourth ossified 

 spine very strong, with numerous strong teeth behind, its stiff 

 part equal to head without snout or shorter. Anal nearly straight, 

 its height equal to about half length of head. Ventrals and 

 pectorals subequal, ventrals not reaching anus and separated 

 by 3 scales from lateral line. Pectorals not reaching base of 

 ventrals, equal to head without snout or shorter. Caudal bifur- 

 cate, its lobes pointed, shorter than head. Caudal peduncle 

 slender, its least height about i ! / 2 in its length and about 2^J 2 

 in length of head, surrounded by 12 scales. Scales without 

 radiating lines. Colour of formol specimens greyish, brown above 

 and with a faint dark lateral band above the lateral line. 

 Length 137 mm. [Type of the species in the zoological Museum 

 of Amsterdam]. 



Nomen in dig. : Keperas (Gaju). The Gaju people call the 

 specimens with a gibbosity behind the nape Kawan, the Atjeh 

 people Kaduan, and pretend that the scales of the Kawan 

 are soft, those of the Keperas hard. 



Habitat: Sumatra (Atjeh ; Lake Laut Tawar !) ; collected 

 by Mr. V. D. WERFF. 



i) We had occasion to examine a specimen of this species labeled to be 

 from Ceylon, belonging to the Zoological Museum of Basel. 



