1 88 



less than length of head, its stiff portion about equal to head 

 without snout. Anal truncate or nearly so, its height equal to 

 half head or somewhat longer or shorter. Ventrals shorter than 

 pectorals, not reaching anus, separated by (2 ! / 2 ) 3 scales from 

 lateral line. Pectorals 1.2 1.4 in head, equal to head without 

 snout or longer. Caudal bifurcate, the lobes more or less rounded, 

 equal to head or somewhat longer or shorter. Least height of 

 caudal peduncle 1.5 2 times in length of head, equal to its 

 own length or '/ 3 shorter, surrounded by 12 scales. Scales 

 with longitudinal lines. In smaller specimens generally a larger 

 or smaller blackish spot at the base of the anterior dorsal rays 



Fig. 74. Puntius binotatus (C.V.). Four stages of growth to show the change 

 of the markings according to size. X I -3- 



and with an other less distinct one in the middle of the root 

 of the caudal, preceded by a faint dark longitudinal band. 

 This band develops out of a series of more or less confluent 

 black spots. In still younger specimens this series is represented 

 by four or three widely separate black spots, they have besides 

 a black spot at the base of the anal, which disappears later 

 on. Large specimens often show no markings at all, they may 

 also show nuptial epidermoidal pearls or violet spots in the 

 centre of each scale. Length about 170 mm. 



Nomen indig. : Bunter and Benter (Sundan.) ; Wader tjakul 

 (Javan.) ; Tanah and Sepadak (Benkulen) ; Tewaring (River Bo) ; 

 Sunow (Kajan); Pujan (Bandjermassin), 



