357 



Some of them are often long, depressible fangs. In the sub- 

 genus Priodonophis the compressed teeth have serrated edges 

 on both sides or posteriorly only. 



Distribution: Warm water of Indie, Pacific, Atlantic and 

 Mediterranean; in shallow water, especially on reefs and in 

 crevices of rocks, some of them reaching a large size. 



Synopsis of the indo-aus tralian Subgenera 

 of Muraena. 



I. Posterior nostrils in a tube, longer than the 



simple tubes of the anterior nostrils .... Subgenus Muraena p. 357. 

 II. Posterior nostrils without tube, or with a 

 tube much shorter than the simple tubes of 

 the anterior nostrils. 



1. Height 40 51; head 12 17; none of 



the teeth serrated Subgenus Strophidon p. 359. 



2. Height less than 30; head less than 12; 



none of the teeth serrated Subgenus Gymnothorax p. 360. 



3. Height less than 30; head less than 9. 

 At least some of the teeth in upper and 

 lower jaw finely serrated on both edges 



or posteriorly only Subgenus Priodonophis p. 387. 



III. Anterior nostrils with a thickened rim, poste- 

 riorly prolonged in a bilobed flap; posterior 

 nostrils an oval opening, nearly equalling 

 the eye, surrounded by a broad, thin mem- 

 brane Subgenus Enchelynassa p. 390. 



i. Subgenus Muraena Linne (s.str.). 



(LiNNfe, Systema nat. edit. X". 1758, p. 244). 



Anterior and posterior nostrils in a tube, the anterior situ- 

 ated on top of snout, the posterior on top of head before eye. 



i. Muraena (Muraena) pardalis Schleg. 



Muraena pardalis Schlegel, Fauna japonica, Poissons, 1847, p. 268. 



Muraena pardalis Bleeker, Act. Soc. Sc. Indo-neerl. III. 1858, 4. Bijdr. Japan 



p. 30. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Indie XV. 1858, p. 461. I.e. XVI. 185859, 



p. 205. 



Gymnothorax pardalis Bleeker, Atl. Ichth. IV. 1864, p. 86. 

 Muraena pardalis Gunther, Cat. Brit. Mus. VIII. 1870, p. 99. 

 Muraena pardalis Jordan & Snyder, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. XXIII. 1901, p. 879. 

 Muraena kailuae Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U.S. fish Comm. XXII. (1902)1904, 



p. 165. 



