178 History of Animal Plagues. 



who died were as follows : the blood coagulated in the ventricles 

 of the heart, especially in that of the right side, and also in the 

 vena cavae; the pulmonary artery was similarly engorged. In 

 the aorta the blood was also very thick, but in moderate quantity; 

 the pulmonary veins were nearly empty. These phenomena 

 were not observed in all cases, since in the majority the blood 

 was only thickened and not coagulated ; and the cause of this 

 difference was according to the greater or less degree of power of 

 the nmlis^naiit ferment. The mortality among horses in Poland 

 still raging. Very many also dying in Saxony, and on the banks of 

 the Rhine. ^ Glossanthrax again appeared in Dauphine. 

 Wirth says: ^ In the year 1705 this disease again appeared 

 in France, and a portion of Switzerland also suffered from it.^ ^ 

 We find noticed in this year an epizooty among the chamois in 

 Switzerland. It appears to have been cutaneous, and very 

 deadly. 'A similar, and as it proved, a severe disease, resem- 

 bling a leprous scab, attacked not only the old animals, but also 

 many young ones. Upon the Freiburg were found this year 

 numbers of dead chamois which had leprous skins. Of the 

 nature and origin of this disease, the hunters have various 

 opinions.' ^ 



A.D. 1707. An eruption of Vesuvius, and an island five miles 

 in circumference thrown up from the bottom of the sea in the 

 Archipelago. An extraordinary and memorable invasion of flies 

 in London. They covered the clothes of every one, and lay 

 so thickly on the streets that the imprints of the people and 

 horses' feet were made visible as if it had been snowing.* An 

 aphthous malady attacked the feet and tongues of cattle in 

 Franconia. ' A certain territory in our country was affected by a 

 malignant disease which attacked vegetables, and from which 

 animals sickened and died. In the course of the spring of this 

 year, in the whole district of Hannaberg and Franconia, nearly 



^ Kanold. Op. cit., p. 7. Heusinger cannot find a description of the disease, 

 and my researches have proved no more availing in discovering its nature. In 

 all likelihood the malady was a form of that protean epizooty — 'influenza.' 



~ Wirth. Op. cit., p. 362. 



2 Scheucher. Naturgesch. des Schweizerlandes. 



* Chamberlain. History of London. 



