History of Anivial Plagues. 391 



Lullin,^ had given their attention to it in the eighteenth century; 

 and Chaptal, Pessina, Holmaistcr/ Barbangois,^ Voison, Gueri- 

 neau/ and Grognier,^ in the beginning of the nineteenth century, 

 had fully demonstrated the usefulness of this practice in certain 

 circumstances. When vaccination was introduced as a preventive 

 of human small-pox, the resemblance between the two diseases 

 led many experimenters to try its effects on sheep. Godine 

 the Younger,® and Husson,'' Gohier,* Brugnone,^ Valois,^" 

 and Chancey," all conducted careful experiments which de- 

 cisively proved the inutility of this operation as a prophylactic 

 measure. 



A.D. 1756. Anthrax declared itself over a large extent of Eu- 

 rope. The winter had been mild, and the spring and summer very 

 dry and hot. In June heavy storms had been frequent. ' About 

 the middle of the past June (in Franconia) it was reported from 

 Culmbach, that in that neighbourhood a disease had appeared 

 among the game, and also extended to horned cattle. The ac- 

 counts which soon after were sent in by the local medical men, 

 conveyed the information that the cattle sickened suddenly in the 

 pastures; in some, tumours appeared in the feet, flank, neck, and 

 breast, and spread rapidly ; in others, however, swellings upon 

 the head manifested themselves, and these died in six or eight 

 hours; the others died in from twenty-four to thirty-six hours. 

 The game, horses, and swine had all the same disease. Although 

 the malady had rapidly destroyed the stock, yet one could not 

 say with certainty whether it was contagious or not.' ^^ Mt was 

 not alone the game, such as deer, roes, wild boars, or hares that 

 died, but four hundred of the larger venison were found, some 

 in ditches, others in corn-fields, and some in spinnies. I have 



' Bibl. Britann. art. ' Sciences,' vol. ix. p. 398. 



* Ibid. vol. xlv. p. 189. ^ Annales d' Agriculture, vol. xlvi. p. 187. 



* Ibid. p. 193. ' Ibid. p. 319. 



* Bibl. Britann. vol. viii. p. 204, ar/. ' Agriculture.' 



' Apnales d' Agriculture, vol. xxi. p. 73, ' Rapport de la Soc. Centrale de 

 Vaccine, 181 1.' 



* Memoire sur la Vaccination, p. 94. 'Memoires,' vol. i. p. 40. 

 ' Memoria della Soc. Agraria di Torino, 1812. 



'" Annales d' Agriculture, vol. iii. p. 60. 



'• Bibl. Britann. art 'Agriculture,' vol. x. p. 216. 



'2 IVagner. Frank. .Saminl., ii. p. 102. 



