History of Animal Plagues. 547 



[ekzema epizootica — foot and mouth disease) manifested itself 

 in Piedmont among cattle. ' This disease broke out so rapidly, 

 that when one animal in a stable became affected, it was com- 

 municated with incredible rapidity to the whole of the cattle with- 

 out distinction of race or sex, and no place escaped. It was ac- 

 companied by a slow fever, and at the same time there might be 

 observed an eruption of pustules [pustulette) occupying the outer 

 and inner surfaces of the lips, the fauces, palate, and especially the 

 tongue, though more rarely the eruption appeared upon the 

 udder. This eruption soon degenerated into ulcers, which were 

 not long in healing up.' ^ From the month of January this 

 epizooty had been present in the Venetian States, and in Lom- 

 bardy ; but in these countries it appears to have been designated 

 'cancro-volante' (glossanthrax^). Not long after this the 

 terrible Cattle Plague was introduced, and ' contemporaneously 

 appeared an epizooty which destroyed a great number of dogs, 

 especiallythosc of a sporting kind.'"'' fn the same region sheep 

 suffered much from small-pox.* With reference to the epizooty 

 among dogs, Chabert alludes to the great prevalence of canine 

 distemper in and around Paris during this and the following 

 ycar.^ 



In England, this year, a contagious disorder among horned 

 cattle had broken out in the neighbourhood of Frostenden, 

 Suffolk, which was believed to be the ' Cattle Plague,' as an 

 Order in Council, dated April 25th, applied the provisions of 

 the Order of 1747. All fairs and markets for cattle within ten 

 miles were stopped, and compensation to half the value was 

 offered for all animals slaughtered and buried to prevent the 

 disease spreading. 



In the county of Orkney, a most malignant and contagious 

 distemper also broke out among cattle, particularly in the parish of 

 Sandwich, and a similar Order to that already noticed was issued 

 by the I'rivy Couiuil on the 15th of January, 1800. We may 

 remark that some of the later outbreaks of what was supposed to 



' Toggia. Mai dci Buoi, vol. ii. p. 346. 



* Faggiaiti. Topojjrafia di Padova, p. in. •* Ibid. p. 112. 



* Ibid. p. 113. * Op. cit. 



