STOCKS FOR BUDDING. 



HERRI ES are generally 

 worked on Mazzard stocks. 

 All varieties are readily 

 worked upon it. When dwarf 

 trees are desired the Mahaleb is used as 

 a stock. This stock, which is imported, 

 is adapted to heavy clay soils. Prunus 

 Pennsylvania and Prunus pumila have 

 been used to some extent. The former 

 is the common wild red, pin or bird 

 cherry ; the latter the dwarf or sand 

 cherry. Cherry stocks are worked both 

 by budding or grafting. Budding is the 

 common method. The stocks should 

 be in condition to work the season they 

 are transplanted, the second summer 

 from the seed. Any that are too small 

 for working may be allowed to stand 

 until the following year. In the West, 

 where great hardiness is required, the 

 varieties are crown-grafted on Mazzard 

 stocks in winter. Yearling stocks are 

 used and the scions are from six to ten 

 inches long. When planted, only the 

 top bud should be left above the ground. 

 The scions produce trees on their own 

 roots. 



The budding season for pears usually' 

 begins late in July or early in August in 

 the North. If the stocks are small they 

 may stand over winter and be budded 

 the second year. Pear trees do not suc- 

 ceed well when root grafted, except 

 when a long scion is used for the pur- 

 pose of securing own-rooted trees. Dor- 

 mant buds of the pear may be used 

 upon large stocks early in spring, as 

 "upon the apple, and buds may be kept 

 upon ice for use in early summer. 

 Pears are dwarfed by budding them 

 upon the quince. The Angers quince 

 is the best stock. The pear can also be 

 grown upon the apple, thorn and Moun- 

 tain ash. 



Plums are worked in various ways, 

 but ordinary shield-budding is usually 

 employed in late summer or early fall, 

 as for peaches and cherries. In the 



North and East the common plum is 

 usually worked upon stocks of the same 

 species. The Horse plum is a common 

 stock. St. Julien and Black Damas are 

 French stocks in common use. The 

 Myrobolan is much used in California 

 for standards, but in the East it makes 

 dwarf trees. Plums are sometimes 

 worked upon peach, almond and apri- 

 cot stocks, according to locality. Japa 

 nese plums are worked upon peach, 

 common plum or natives, preferably 

 Marianna. Prunus Simoni works upon 

 peach, common plum, Myrobolan and 

 Marianna. 



The peach is perhaps the easiest to 

 propagate of all northern fruit trees. 

 Peach trees are always shield-budded. 

 Grafting can be done, but as budding is 

 so easily performed, there is no occasion 

 for it. The peach shoots are so pithy 

 that in making scions it is well to leave 

 a portion of the old wood upon the 

 lower end to give the scion strength. 

 Peaches are nearly always worked upon 

 peaches in this country. Plums are 

 occasionally employed for damp and 

 strong soils. Myrobolan is sometimes 

 used, but it cannot be recommended. 

 all plums dwarf the peach more or less. 

 The hard-shell almond is a good stock 

 for very light and dry soils. The Peen- 

 to and similar peaches are worked upon 

 common peach stocks. 



Apple stocks are either grafted or 

 budded. Root-grafting is the most com- 

 mon, especially in the West where long 

 scions are used in order to secure own- 

 rooted trees. Budding is gaining in 

 favor eastward and southward. It is 

 performed during August and early 

 September in the Northern States, or 

 may be begun on strong stocks in July 

 by using buds which have been kept on 

 ice. Stocks should be strong enough 

 to be budded the year they are trans- 

 planted. — Prof. Bailey in American 

 Gardening. 



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