UPLAND. 7 



In the forest innumerable dwarf Firs are 

 to be seen, whose diminutive height bears 

 no proportion to their thick trunks, their 

 lowermost branches being on a level with 

 the uppermost, and the leading shoot en- 

 tirely wanting. It seems as if all the 

 branches came from one centre, like those 

 of a palm, and that the top had been cut 

 off. I attribute this to the soil, and could not 

 but admire it as the pruning of Nature. This 

 form of the Fir has been called Pimis plicata. 



Laby is a mile and a quarter further. Here 

 the forest abounds with the Red Spanish 

 Whortle-berry (Arbutus Uva Ursi), which 

 was now in blossom, and of which, as it 

 had not been scientifically described, I 

 made a description ; (see Flora Lappojiica; 

 and Engl. Bot. t. 714.) 



A large and dreary pine-forest next pre- 

 sented itself, in which the herbaceous plants 

 seemed almost «tarved, and in their place 

 the soil, which was hardly two iiiches deep, 

 all below that depth being pure barren 

 sand (Arena Glarea), bore Heath (Erica), 



