LYCKSELE LAPLAND. l6l 



at Christmas, advancing gradually up the 

 river between those two periods after pair- 

 ing. 



The small Gwiniad [Salmo Alhula) pairs 

 under the ice at this place about Christmas. 

 In Smoland it pairs at Michaelmas. 



Reindeer milk is excellent for making 

 cheese, a pail of about three quarts yield- 

 ing a large quantity. On this account 

 those who keep cows add a portion of it to 

 their milk; by which method they obtain 

 much more cheese than otherwise. 



The reindeer suffers great hardship in 

 autumn, when, the snow being all melted 

 away during summer, a sudden frost freezes 

 the mountain Lichen (L. rangiferinus), 

 which is his only winter food. When this 

 fails, the animal has no other resource, for 

 he never touches hay. His keepers fell the 

 trees in order to supply him with the fila- 

 mentous Lichens that clothe their branches; 

 but this kind of food does not supply the 

 place of what is natural to him. It is 

 astonishing how he can get at his proper 



