62 



LAMENESS OF THE HORSE 



manifested by more or less difficulty in swinging the affected 

 member. Swinging-leg-lameness, then, is usually present in 

 shouAder affections. In some instances lameness is mixed as in 

 joint ailments, involvement of the bicipital bursa (bursa inter- 

 tubercularis), etc. In affections of the extremity there exists 

 supporting leg lameness. Consequently, we employ this ele- 

 mental principle, and, by a visual examination of the subject, 

 which is being made to travel suital)ly, one may decide that 

 lameness is either "high up" — shoulder lameness or, "low 

 down" — of the extremitv. 



Fig. 5 — Ordinary type of heav>- sling. 



To make practical use of this principle, the examiner must 

 be thoroughly familiar with the anatomy of the various struC' 

 tures concerned in advancing the leg — those which support weight 

 as well as those concerned l)oth in weight bearing and swinging 

 the member. 



Fracture of the Scapula. 



Etiology and Occurrence. — Fractures of the body of the 

 scapula are of infrequent occurrence in horses for the reason 



