496 HABITS OF MOLLUSKS. 



ponds, adhering generally to the under surface of dead 

 and decaying leaves that float suspended in the water near 

 the margin, but sometimes I have found them crawling 

 very slowly on the soft muddy banks, forming slender 

 tracks, as Nassce do, in crawling over the moist sand-flats 

 near the sea. Generally speaking the Auricula Juda 

 inhabits dark, damp woods, choosing the vicinity of 

 water, but I have, however, found them by hundreds 

 crawling over the moist mud of the Mangrove swamps. 

 They are blind, and appear to be most active in the 

 evening. At Monado, in Celebes, a species of Assiminea 

 covers the perpendicular banks of the river; the mud-flats 

 left exposed during low tide are covered with thousands 

 of Neritinas and Clithons : Melanias, of the long-spired 

 division live in the mud in shallow places with the water 

 just covering them; while Pirenas inhabit the bed of the 

 river in rather deeper water. Some Neritinas found by 

 me in this island, live among the foliage of tall trees, that 

 overhang ponds and rivulets; others cling to the roots of 

 Nepa palms and various trees near the margin; others 

 crawl on the stones in the water; many live in deeper 

 water, half-buried in the mud; a few in brackish water, 

 and others again in water perfectly salt. 



Off Tampassook, several Ixas were obtained by the 

 dredge. They inhabit very deep water, are feeble and 

 inactive, and were it not for the dense solid carapace, 

 armed with strong lateral processes with sharpened points, 

 would be very defenceless animals. Two new species of 

 this rare and beautiful genus have been added by us to 

 Zoology. A new species of Parthenope, with large eyes 

 and the carapace ornamented with tuberculated ridges was 



