Kll i-ll MAKIM-: KI>Hl> CHAP. 



icnt of the new Fishery Hoard for Scotland in 1882. The 

 old 1 : '-oard. whose official title was the Board of British 



White Herri r. . Unsolved. The first members of 



the n .r,l were: Sir Thomas ]. Boyd, chairman ; John 



Guthric Smith, Sheriff of Aberdeen, Kincardine and Banff, deputy- 

 chairman ; George H. Thorns. Ksq., Sheriff of Caithness, Orkney 

 and Shetland ; Alexander Forbes Irvine, Esq., Sheriff of Argyle ; 

 imes Ram-ay < iibson-Maitland, Bart. ; Stephen William- 

 . M.I'. ; Professor Cossar Ewart, M.D. ; James Maxtone 

 Graham, Esq. ; James Johnstone Grieve, Esq. ; Mr. Dugald 

 Graham, secretary ; Archibald Young, Esq., Advocate, Inspector 

 of thc'Salmon Fisheries of Scotland. 



The new Board being not only required to make suggestions 

 for the improvement of the Fisheries, but being empowered also 

 to take such measures for their improvement as the funds under 

 their administration and not otherwise appropriated might admit 

 of, and taking into consideration also the important practical 

 results obtained by the U.S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries, 

 decided to institute investigations into the habits and life-history 

 of some of the more important food-fishes, such as the herring 

 cod, ling, haddock, mackerel, sole, plaice, and flounder. 



The following questions are mentioned in the First Annual 

 Report, 1883, as deserving careful investigation : 



(1) The food, life-history, distribution, and migrations of 

 useful fishes. 



(2) The nature of the feeding and spawning grounds of food 



ics. 



(3) The period of spawning, nature of the ova, the time 



juircd for, and the conditions favourable to, hatching. 

 4 What means can be adopted for the protection of fish 

 during their early stages of growth, and what can be 

 lone to prevent the destruction of immature fish. 

 ; What new useful fishes fsuch as the American shad and 

 .:ul-lockcd salmon) can be introduced, and how far 

 upply of our present forms can be increased by 

 artificial cultivation or protection during the spawning 



pCt! 



The influence of atmospheric variations, and of the 

 ch< thc temperature of the water, and of cur- 



rents, on the presence and migrations of fish, and thc 



