280 MARKKTAHLE BRITISH MARINE FISIIKS 



I. Species with three dorsal fins and two ventral, body not 

 much elongated. 



1. The Cod. Grows to a large size: the upper jaw is the 

 larger, its outer row of teeth enlarged, and there is a 

 barbel on the chin. Colour, greenish yellow or olive, with 

 numerous small dark spots ; lateral line white. 



2. The Haddock. Smaller, but similar, distinguished by 

 the absence of small spots, by a black blotch on the 

 shoulder, and a black lateral line. Barbel small. 



3. The Bib, Pout, or Whiting Pout Smaller, very deep 

 in the body, copper-coloured with broad upright dark 

 bands. Barbel present. 



4. The Poor-cod. Smaller, not so deep in the body, vent 

 further back : brownish yellow on the back, without bands. 

 Barbel present. 



5. The Whiting. Xo barbel. Sides silvery, a dark spot at 

 the root of the pectoral fin. 



6. The Coal-fish. Differs from the preceding in having the 

 lower jaw longer than the upper : teeth in the upper jaw 

 of equal size. A small barbel. Colour dark slate-blue, 

 almost black on the back and sides ; lateral line white. 



/. The Pollack. Like the preceding, but has no barbel, 

 and the lower jaw longer. Colour, a dull green. 



8. The Poutassou. Outer row of teeth in both jaws en- 

 larged, second dorsal fin short ; body narrow, silver}' ; 

 lower jaw slightly longer than the upper. 



II. Species with two dorsal fins, the hinder long, the front 

 one short : one ventral fin. 



9. The Ling. A barbel on the chin. Body elongated, 

 scales minute, fins narrow, very flexible. 



10. The Hake. No barbel, scales larger, fins broader and 

 stiffer ; teeth larger. 



11. The Fork-beard. A barbel on the chin. Pelvic fin 

 forms a long forked filament extending behind the vent. 



12. The Burbot. Closely resembles the ling, but the body 

 is broader behind the head, and the scales are larger. 

 The fish is much smaller, 



1 3. The Lesser Fork-beard or Tadpole fish. First dorsal 

 fin very small, rudimentary. Head flattened and fleshy. 



