BUDDING WITH OR WITHOUT SAP-WOOD. 



61 



causes are always the same. Salgues' scion is excised with a 

 flat section forming a large wound ; this flat section does 

 not fit well on the cylindrical internode of the stock, and it 

 adheres less opposite the bud, where it touches the stock 

 only by its centre ; the layer of sap-wood still left under the 

 bud is interposed between the stock and the scion and 

 partially prevents complete knitting, if the lignification of 

 the sap-wood has started. It is therefore important to 

 excise the bud with as little sap-wood as possible ; this 

 modus operandi is applied with rose-trees or any other 

 species, but the great difficulty with vines is that the green 

 bark is so extremely delicate, that, if the operator touches 

 the inside of it with the point of the grafting-knife, when 

 removing the ligneous part, the graft is lost. 



We first tried the half-sap-wood 

 budding which gives fairly good re- 

 sults, but it must be ligatured with 

 rubber or wool. This is a great dis- 

 advantage, and, until a cheaper liga- 

 ture is found, allowing this graft to 

 enter a more practical domain, the 

 half-sap-wood budding can only be 

 considered as an amateur graft. It is 

 very convenient when one only has 

 a few stocks to graft as its strike is 

 practically assured. 



As we considered the sap-wood in 

 Salgues' shield as being the main cause 

 of its non-success, we endeavoured to 

 bud without any sap-wood at all. The 

 idea is not new, but we did not pursue 

 it on account of the difficulty found in 

 removing, the sap-wood of the shield 

 without injuring the bark, and with- 

 out completely scooping out the bud. 



Professor Horvath, of Hungary, 

 performs this graft as follows: He 

 selects the time when the vines are 

 well in sap, excises the bud without 

 wood, makes a double T or single T 

 slit on the stock, the longitudinal cut 

 always passing through the centre of the bud of the stock 

 without touching the alburnum under it ; he places the bud, 



Fig. 68. -Graft on old 

 Stock. 



