Nitrate of ' m an intensive manner a certain outlay is ncessary, which, 

 Su arBeets ^ owever ' ls rendered remunerative not only by the beet 

 _ crop itself but also by the yields of other crops in the rota- 

 12 tion. And it has to be borne in mind with regard to deep 

 cultivation of the soil that by it we obtain not only heavier 

 but also more certain crops. It is much easier to secure 

 equality of yields, one year with another, in a deeply culti- 

 vated soil than in one the cultivation of which is shallow. 

 In favorable circumstances you may obtain in a superficially 

 loosened soil heavy yields of wheat, potatoes and other farm 

 crops ; but if unfavorable circumstances, of whatever nature, 

 occur, the less deeply loosened soil fails, whether in a season 

 that is too wet or in one that is too dry, whilst the deeply 

 cultivated soil allows the injurious effects of excessive rain- 

 fall or the still more disastrous effects of drought to come 

 far less into evidence. If therefore you go in for deep 

 cultivation, for which ordinary agricultural appliances do 

 not afford the means, you will find that under its influence 

 your other crops also will give more favorable results. 

 More Liberal There are several other matters in this 

 T j n connection to which I shall revert in the course 



Fertilizers of my lecture ; for example ', the more liberal 



use of artificial manures^ the selection of 

 suitable varieties of the plants to be cultivated, etc.; but 

 these are all secondary matters ; the main thing is, and will 

 be, deep cultivation ; and this, as I have said, will be 

 remunerative in the case of all other crops, as well as in the 

 growth of the sugar-beet. 

 Us of D '11 ^ father, and^ indeed^ a fundamental con- 



, TT ' dition for beet cultivation is that of con- 



and Hoe. . J . . . . . r . . ... / . 



necting with it the use of the drill and the use 



of the hoe and^indeed^ the most active use of the hoe. Gentle- 

 men, if we have achieved something in the districts where 

 beets have long been grown, we have done so not only by 

 the use of the drill, but far more still by the use of the hoe, 

 to which the cultivation of the beet, in the first instance for 

 itself, but no less also for the other crops, gave occasion. 

 If at the present season of the year you pass through our 

 fields where sugar-beet cultivation is carried on, you see the 

 long rows of laborers, who arrived towards the end of 

 March, engaged in hoeing the wheat; and if it is still practi- 

 cable, and the growth of the rye is not yet too far advanced, 



