120 BATHYMETRICAL SURVEY OF 



river Dee immediately to the south of Loch Ken were surveyed on 

 July 15, 1903 the day after Loch Ken had been sounded when it was 

 found that the water had risen to the extent of about 3 feet, the elevation 

 being 144*9 feet above the sea. This was due to the fact that steady rain 

 set in at 3 p.m. on July 14, and continued almost without intermission all 

 night and all next day. The portion surveyed extends for 4 miles 

 southward from the entrance of the Black Water of Dee, as far as Cross- 

 michael, and consists of a series of widenings and narrowings of the river, 

 the wider parts usually coinciding with an increase in the depth. The 

 largest expansion is nearly half a mile in width, while the mean breadth 

 of the entire part surveyed is only one-sixth of a mile. The portion 

 surveyed covers an area of about 431 acres, or two- thirds of a square mile, 

 the area draining into it including Loch Ken and all the other lochs 

 previously dealt with, and extending to nearly 300 square miles. The 

 maximum depth of 44 feet was observed in the most northerly expansion, 

 but depths of 42 feet were recorded about 1J miles lower down, and in the 

 most southerly expansion surveyed, called Kirkland Loop. There are 

 seven areas where the depth exceeds 20 feet, including no fewer than 

 eleven isolated areas where depths exceeding 25 feet were found. The 

 large central expansion has a maximum depth of 27 feet, and the little 

 off-shoot on the western shore called Long Loch varies from 9 to 18 feet 

 in depth. Of the entire area surveyed about 81 per cent, is covered by 

 less than 20 feet of water. 



Temperature Observations. The surface temperature during the time 

 spent on the survey varied from 58'3 to 60'6 Fahr. A series taken in 

 the northernmost deepest basin indicated a slight inversion of temperature, 

 probably as a result of the rainstorm, the surface reading being 58'3, that 

 at 20 feet 58'6, and that at 39 feet 58-8. 



Carlingwark Loch (see Plate XLIV.). Carlingwark Loch lies close to 

 the town of Castle Douglas, and drains into the river Dee by a straight 

 stream called Carlingwark Lane, 1^ miles in length. The loch is sub- 

 rectangular in outline, and trends nearly north and south, being three- 

 quarters of p, mile in length , and over one-third of a mile in maximum 

 breadth. The superficial area is about 105 acres, and the drainage area 

 over half a square mile. *The maximum depth of 17 feet is centrally 

 placed, and of the entire lake-floor about 74 per cent, is covered by less 

 than 10 feet of water. The mean depth is estimated at 7 feet, and the 

 volume of water at 31 million cubic feet. The loch was surveyed on 

 July 17, 1903, when the elevation was 143*0 feet above the sea ; the 

 elevation as observed by the Ordnance Survey on April 23, 1894, was 

 142-3 feet. 



Loch Whinyeon (see Plate XLIV.). Loch Whinyeon is a little sub- 

 circular loch about 5 miles north-east of Gatehouse of Meet. When 

 surveyed on July 22, 1903, the elevation could not bo determined by 



