Ii8 Practical Forestry 



planted with the best chances of success ; whereas none of 

 these would thrive well on dry or sandy soils. Should 

 chalk or calcareous soil crop up, we have good subjects 

 in the Fern -leaved Beech (Fagus sylvatica aspleni folia), 

 the Gephalonian and Spanish Silver Firs (Abies cepha- 

 lonica and A. Pinsapo) and many of the Pyrus family ; 

 while, where only a small quantity of loam overlies the 

 gravel, the Scotch and Cluster Pines (Pinus sylvestris 

 and P. Pinaster), the pretty and far from common Manna 

 Ash (Fraxinus Ornus), and many others may be success- 

 fully planted. In good, rich soil, and where the position 

 is fairly sheltered, there are no end of ornamental trees, 

 both hardwooded and coniferous, that may be planted. 

 Some of the Magnolias, but particularly Magnolia Stella fa. 

 M. acuminanta, and M. Umbrella should find a place, 

 while the Juneberry (Amelanchier canadensis), the Corne- 

 lian Cherry (Cornus Mas), and various Thorns should not 

 be neglected. In exposed places plant clumps of the Corsi- 

 can and Austrian Pines (Pinus laricio and P. austriaca), 

 following up with the hardy Spruces and Cypresses. 

 Such dainty conifers as the Japanese Cryptomeria 

 (C. japonica), the Elegant Cryptomeria (C. elegans), 

 Fitzroya patagonica, Prince Albert's Fir (Tsuga Mer- 

 tensiana,) and Umbrella Pine (Sciadopitys verticillata) 

 must have cosy corners and good soil to show their beauty 

 to perfection. 



Pitting and Planting. The pits for the reception of 

 ornamental trees should be well formed : that is to say, 

 should be made of sufficiently large size for the specimens 

 to be planted indeed, it is always preferable to dig out pits 

 of a greater size than are required, thus allowing of a quantity 

 of broken-up soil being placed beneath and around the 

 roots. In any case, have the bottom and side of each pit 

 thoroughly broken up, and should the soil be found to be of 

 inferior quality, it is best to substitute that of a more desir- 

 able kind such as is known to be suitable for the wants of 

 the particular specimen. In removing large specimen trees 

 great care should be exercised first, that the roots are un- 

 injured, or if at all, in a very small degree ; second, that a 



