BORING INSECTS 57 



forth as beetles in May. Obviously, then, the 

 bark of affected trees should be burned, and that 

 of endangered trees should be given protective 

 dressings, by May Day. A much smaller beetle 

 of this race infests the oak, but in its case the 

 primary gallery is horizontal, so the brood gal- 

 leries are vertical. Still another infests wild 

 cherry trees; another, elms. 



The next family, though it signs itself the Cer- 

 ambycidae, is more often spoken of as the round- 

 headed borers. The adults are long-horns, the 

 slender antennae being mostly longer than the body. 

 Almost all of them are borers. One is the de- 

 structive common elm tree borer, the adult of 

 which is a flat brown beetle half an inch long, with 

 red-bordered wing covers'. The grub is flat and 

 white, and makes a long, irregular burrow. It 

 hibernates as a grub in the tree, emerging about 

 the middle of April or later. Better known is its 

 relative, the locust borer, which works in the wood 

 as well as the bark. The adult is a black or brown 

 beetle, marked with bands of golden yellow. It 

 is commonly seen munching pollen on golden-rod 

 tops in September, at which time it lays its eggs. 

 The grubs live in the bark during the fall, hiber- 

 nate there, and burrow into the trunk, from which 

 they emerge late in summer. Infested locust 

 wood cut during the fall or winter must be burned, 

 used, or immersed before the following Septem- 



