258 PRACTICAL TREE REPAIR 



hollow trunks can usually be more effectively 

 handled according to the open system than by 

 filling. 



TULIP 



The wood of the tulip tree is not strong, and 

 through the frequent wounds resulting from this 

 fact, decay fungi enter rather easily. Conse- 

 quently the tulip frequently requires bracing as 

 well as cavity work. Sometimes the heavy hori- 

 zontal limbs on open-ground trees fairly break 

 from their own weight. I have seen such limbs 

 with dead patches on their upper surfaces a few 

 feet from the trunk. The wood of the upper part 

 of the limb had actually been fractured crosswise, 

 the sap flowing solely through the sapwood and 

 bark on the under side of the limb. Stiff bracing 

 and thorough applications of antiseptic dressings 

 are indicated for this condition of affairs, unless 

 it is possible to remove the affected limb. 



WALNUT 



The wood of the black walnut, exceptionally 

 resistant to decay when seasoned, is not frequently 

 attacked when in the tree, although sometimes in- 

 fested by the red and the white heart rots. An 

 interesting characteristic of the tree is the way in 

 which the base may be open and quite eaten out, 

 while the upper parts of the trunk are quite sound. 



