REFERENCES 8l 



tial (or in some cases under a complete cover) as to make a 

 two cutting shelterwood method successful. 



Many western yellow pine stands elsewhere in the west 

 will undoubtedly be treated in a similar manner. The prin- 

 cipal difficulty under the economic conditions existing in the 

 western yellow pine regions is to make the second and final 

 cutting soon enough after the first cutting for the best silvi- 

 cultural results to the young stand. A 30 to 60 year interval 

 may have to elapse between cuttings. 



As a general thing neither the economic situation nor the 

 silvicultural condition of the stand justifies an intensive appli- 

 cation of shelterwood in stands of old growth timber. In 

 such stands reproduction is apt to be present in greater or less 

 amount and the cuttings may be begun in the removal cutting 

 stage. 



Old growth timber is rarely found to-day located close to 

 good markets and susceptible of intensive treatment. 



Second growth stands younger, more regular and made up 

 of trees of smaller size than the virgin timber, offer better 

 opportunities for management under the shelterwood method. 



REFERENCES 



1. WAGNER, C. Grundlagen der Raumlichen Ordnung im Walde. Second 

 edition, Tubingen, 1911. 



2. RECKNAGEL, A. B. Border Cuttings A Suggested Departure in 

 American Silviculture. Proceedings of the Society of American Foresters, 

 Vol. VII, 1912, pp. 145-152. 



3. SMITH, P. T. A Silvicultural System for Western Yellow Pine in the 

 Black Hills. Proceedings of the Society of American Foresters, Vol. X, 1915, 

 pp. 294-300. 



Bericht uber den Waldbaukurz in Langenbrand im September, 1913. Forst- 

 wissenschaftliches Centralblatt, Berlin, 1914, pp. 87-97. 



FISHER, R. T., and TERRY, E. I. The Management of Second Growth White 

 Pine in Central New England. Journal of Forestry, Vol. 18, 1920, pp. 

 358-363- 



