APPENDIX 305 



The degrees of crown density in a forest may be expressed by the fol- 

 lowing terms, and fraction of a full crown cover. 



Closed: .8 to i (crown cover complete). 



G., geschlossen. F., plein. 



Dense: .6 to .8 of the ground shaded by the crowns. 



G., dicht. F., dense. 



Medium or broken: .4 to .6. 



G., liickig. F., entrecoupe. 



Open: less than .4 of the ground shaded by the crowns. 



G., licht. F., clair. 

 Cruise. See Estimate. 



Cull, v. 1. To remove trees, especially merchantable ones, from a forest 

 without regard to silviculture. See Lumber manufacturing terms. 



2. In grading, to place in the lowest grade. 



Cull, n. A low grade of lumber or a rejected tree in timber estimating. 

 Culled forest. See Cut-over forest. 

 Current increment. See Increment. 

 Cut, n. The amount of material cut or to be cut according to plan. 



Syn.: felling budget. 



G., Forstetat, Hiebssatz. F., budget des forets. 



Cut over, v. To cut most or all of the merchantable timber in a forest. 

 Cut-over forest. Forest from which most or all of the merchantable tim- 

 ber has been cut. 



Syn.: logged-over. 



Culled forest is a cut-over forest from which certain species or sizes 

 only have been taken, e.g., culled for pine and spruce. 

 Cutting. 1. In nursery and planting practice a portion of the stem or 

 root of a live tree used for propagation. 



G., Steckreis. F., bouture. 



2. The process of felling trees. 



G., Schlag, Hieb. F., coupe, abatage. 



3. An area on which the trees have been cut or are to be cut. 

 Syn.: cutting area; felling area. 



G., Abhiebsflache, Schlag. F., surface coupee. 



Syn.: felling. There being a difference of opinion as to the prefer- 

 ence between these synonyms in the sub-committee and the collating 

 committee, the latter gives them equal value, recommending, however, 

 the use of felling (as of greater term quality) wherever a substantive 



