314 SALE AND TRANSPORT OF PRODUCE 



the road were metalled. But from this it would be necessary 

 to deduct interest on the cost of making the road : 



5 per cent, on ,528 equals (say) . . 26 o o 

 and the annual upkeep of road (say) . 44 o o 



= total debit of . 70 o o per annum. 



Therefore, it would appear that the making of the I mile 

 of road for the benefit of 1 500 acres would result in a gain of 

 .55 per annum ; or a gain of nearly 9d. per acre per annum, 

 on a normally stocked area. 



In the above case, if the whole area were more mature 

 and were to be all cleared in the next ten years, the whole 

 cost of the road would be far more than paid for by the saving 

 effected on the haulage during the first year. 



However, a decision, as to whether the money saved in 

 the cost of haulage would find its way into the pocket of the 

 owner of the estate, or the timber merchant, or the timber 

 hauler, can only be arrived at in theory. 



Then again, it will often be possible and advantageous to 

 make a private road connecting up two main roads, and thus, 

 perhaps, effecting a saving of 3 or 4 miles haulage by making 

 a short length of new road. But in this case the saving will 

 not be at the same rate per foot, as the comparison is 

 different. It may be that Jd. to ^d. per foot per mile will be 

 saved if only horse traction be considered ; but, in the case 

 of steam traction, the saving will perhaps be only -j^d. per 

 mile. 



Forest Tramway. Instead of making a hard road, the 

 making of a forest tramway will sometimes be preferable. 

 There is not a great difference in the actual cost, or in the 

 upkeep, if depreciation on the rails and rolling stock be 

 taken into account. 



If there be no levelling of gradients, etc., a good horse 

 tramway, including 4 sets of two bogies each, will cost, laid 

 complete, about ^300 to 400 per mile. The haulage, usually, 

 will cost about fths of that of ordinary road haulage by 

 horses ; but in cases where there is a long decline, the haulage 

 will be very much less. 



