ALWASO PRONOUNS. 169 



PARTICIPLES. 



1. Active. 

 Present. Splkin (or -ing), speaking. 



Perfect or ( Splkian or } j, ar s n ~ ^okm 

 Past. \ Splkan f ' 



Future. SpikOn, being about to speak. 



2. Passive. 



Present. Spikint, (being now) spoken, (d for t adds the idea of necessity spiMnd. 



Future. Splkont (or d) what will (or must) be (being) spoken. 



Special Adjectivoid Passive Past Participles Permanent States. 

 Spik,et (or -ed, contract for -enta. -enda) Spoken ; cf. Eng. and Ger. Regular. 



f Spikt (spik(e)t, cf. Eng. Contracted forms ; d after Concretes, 

 Contracted -j Liquids and Vowels. 



lSplk,e, cf. Fr. prevalent forms iu -e, -e, -es, -ees. 



Reflective or Middle. 

 Spikinc(tsh), speaking itself. 

 Spikiane, or Splkan9, having spoking itself. 

 Spikonc, about to speak itself. 



204. The additional termination -ta converts the 

 preceding Active into the Passive Voice Tense-Forms ; 

 thus, Alwato splkita, splkata, splkota, Aiwa to is 

 spoken, was spoken, will be spoken, etc. ; and -ga gives 

 the Reflective or Middle sense ; splldca (pr. speek- 

 ee-tshah), speaks itself. See Conspectus (of the Pro- 

 nouns) below. 1 



TABLE No. 8. 



THE ORDINARY PERSONAL PRONOUNS. 

 1st Person. 2d Person. 3d Person. 



Notice the Confused Irregularity of the English Pronouns. 



