INTRODUCTION 19 



tion from fire, inspection and supervision, or marking of 

 trees; or it may be represented by increased cost of log- 

 ging, and, hence, reduced profits of present cuttings; or 

 it may be in the retention of seed trees and small timber 

 left for growth, which might be utilized now; or per- 

 haps, in the case of a farmer doing his own cutting, in 

 the extra trouble necessitated by the. application of far- 

 sighted, intelligent methods of treatment in his woodlot, 

 as opposed to the thoughtless, haphazard methods usually 

 employed. It is difficult to give any general average 

 figures of cost of silviculture, because different measures 

 are used under different conditions, and the cost of any 

 given measure varies widely. In the discussion of the 

 different methods of silviculture, the cost of the various 

 operations is discussed. In general, it may be said that 

 the extra cost of operating in the lumber woods by for- 

 estry methods, compared to the ordinary methods, is 

 from 25 cents to $1 per thousand board feet; that the 

 cost of reproduction varies from $2 to $10 per acre; and 

 the annual cost of protection, supervision, and adminis- 

 tration varies from 2 to 10 cents per acre. 



If a large lumber company were to practise forestry, 

 the cost expressed in terms of the annual cut would be 

 about from 50 cents to $1 per thousand. 



Financial Returns from Forestry- 

 It is obvious that the practise of forestry in public 

 forests is of great value. The indirect protective influ- 

 ences of the forest, the continued supply of a certain 



